The Role Immigration Plays in Drug Trafficiking Research Paper

The Role Immigration Plays in Drug Trafficiking - Research Paper ExampleProduction, surgery and use of unlawful drugs are the ultimate danger towards the well being of the global community worldwide. In this connection, drug trafficking has became one of the major concerns that is being face by many countries around the world. The some probable reason for this major concern of drug trafficking is recognized as unlawful immigration (Olario, n.d.).In the paper, the intention that immigration generally plays in drug trafficking is taken into concern. Various aspects such as the link between unlawful immigration and crime, origin of drug dealers in the United States, various effects of drug trafficking and necessary policies along with a summative conclusion is taken into concern in the discussion of this paper.It has been recognized that most of the unlawful immigrants who are coming transversely from the southern border are usually involved in practicing the unlawful offense of dru g smuggling. In positioning of this, the unlawful immigrants are not complying with the lawful considerations and they are regarded as criminals as they carry unlawful drugs on their backs. A few of the unlawful immigrants often inject to the United States to look for work but are detained and they become a subject of the drug interest groups or associations (CNN, 2010).The United States /Mexico boundary is the principal station of entrance especially for the drugs such as cocain that are prevailed into the US. According to the latest evaluation that is made by interagency intelligence, it has been notified that an unlawful business operation of cocaine is practiced in the US and is accessible in all chief cities of the US (US Drug Enforcement Agency, 2004).Apart from the food market of cocaine in the United States, the market of heroin is also firm in many US cities. Most of the heroine is produced in Mexico. In the previous years, the US has undertaken quite a few step again st the market of heroin (US Drug

Design and Facilities in Curry Leaf Restaurant is the United Kingdoms Assignment

Design and Facilities in Curry Leaf eatery is the United Kingdoms Finest Indian Restaurant - Assignment ExampleThese project a beautiful inner view that attracts both locals and visitors making Curry Leaf eating house the preferred place by many.The restaurant has a main objective of making sure that, it provides not only Indian cuisine but also an Indian environment for its customers. Therefore, the restaurant centering has come up with two concepts on how to go about realizing this goal. The first one is that the management proposed to establish an Indian garden with an Indian bear upon. The management had in mind a place that gives its Indian customers and all its customers a pleasant interaction with the gardens natural beauty. A garden is referred to as a place to grow the plant and exhibit a variety of plants for ornamental conclusion or practical use. However, since the restaurant is located in township and space is limited, a good layout plan is needed to realize a natur al Indian garden look. For instance, to come up with a house a professional architect is needed the same case with a garden. In order to realize satisfactory results from a garden, the garden should be designed cautiously considering its permanent and semi-permanent features (Miller et al, 2012).An Indian garden combines the aesthetic Indian beauty, artistry from India and knowledge on growth and development of plants as well as principles of garden care practices. May it be arranging trees, climber, shrubs, or any other flowers, a design is relevant. This is because designs outline the character of an object or a place in serving its sole purpose. The design may either be aesthetic of economic in such a way it attracts only for a purpose (Miller et al, 2012). Therefore, there are a number of fundamental factors to consider. The first one is that the garden layout should be convenient and comfortable to the owner. The second one is that the design should be simple and selective. Fo r example, in this case, the garden is an Indian garden therefore, the design should be simple where even an American Indian will recognize the Indian touch at a glance.

Solar pawered heat pump Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Solar pawered heat pump - Literature review ExampleWithin the heat pump, solar collectors replace the air source evaporator since they possess the ability of direct expansion3.Solar powered heat pumps utilize solar muscle as their main energy source. The heat pump collects energy from the ring air and solar radiation this ability allows the pump to function even when solar energy is not present. Glazing helps in the prevention of heat loss in some solar heat pumps but the cooler fitted in the pump allows it to operate at temperatures lower than the surrounding air thus it does not require glazing4.The Rankine infrigidation cycle is a core part of the solar powered heat pump, which increases its performance. It works with the solar collector, which is the evaporator, and the refrigeration component expands directly in the evaporator and absorbs the solar energy. Other solar powered heat pumps come as complete packages and do not need athletic field assembly5. The heat pump is cost -effective and can achieve the maximum thermal capacity that is required to heat water. They are good alternatives to use either domestically or for industrial use.The sun generates two major forms of energy, which under specific conditions undergo transformation to produce solar power. The conversion of light to electricity uses a method known as photovoltaics. The other form of the suns energy, which is heat, undergoes conversion via the concentrated solar power. It mainly employs the use of lenses and concentrates a large circularize of light to a small beam. It has a parabolic trough which concentrates the light to a working fluid, which after it heats up it produces heat6.A photovoltaic cell is the doohickey that is responsible for converting sunlight into electricity. These cells generate direct current and are installed in modules then bound to an inverter to produce the frequency for AC.Solar power has passed through succession after improvement and new discoveries from i ts

Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt Essay Example for Free

Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt EssayFemale Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a socio-religious practice that is very prevalent in Africa, Asia and the center of attention East. It entails the dissolveial or total removal of the female external genitalia for cultural or any other non-therapeutic purpose. As of 1999, at least one hundred thirty million girls and women were believed to engender supportne FGM. In the same year, it was estimated that about 2 million girls are at risk of being subjected to some form of the procedure both year (WHO 3). FGM is criticized mainly for its detrimental effects on a womans physical and psychological health. Girls and women who had been subjected to FGM may die of hemorrhage, shock, urinary tract infections or tetanus (WHO 21). They may similarly experience psychological dis completelyeges such as voiceless depression, anxiety and psychosomatic illnesses (Markle, Fisher and Smego 79). Advocates of FGM, however, claim that Islam requires the practice in order to preserve a womans chastity (WHO 6). The actual origins of FGM are very obscure ethnologists and historians go sustain up with different theories regarding the existence of the practice. small-arm FGM is commonly associated with Islam, historical evidence shows that the former has predated the latter by at least 1,200 years. The procedure was believed to confine been first discussed by the Greek historian Herodotus (484 425 BC) (Bullough and Bullough 205). harmonise to his writings, the Ethiopians, the Hittites and the Phoenicians during the 5th century BC were already practicing FGM (UNFPA n. pag. ). The early Romans, the Egyptians and the Arabs likewise performed FGM there are historical accounts of Egyptian mummies exhibited signalises of having undergone the procedure (UNFPA n. pag. ).For the ancient Egyptians, FGM was regarded as a sign of distinction among the aristocracy (Momoh 5). In Western Europe and the United States, FGM was known as clito ridectomy. Until the 1950s, doctors in these regions used clitoridectomy to treat ailments in women such as hysteria, mental disorders, nymphomania, masturbation and lesbianism (UNFPA n. pag. ). FGM is usually done on girls amongst 8 to 10 years old. Reproductive health experts, however, point out that the procedure is already being carried out on younger girls there have been cases wherein infant girls were subjected to FGM just a few mean solar days after their birth (WHO 147).FGM is classified into quartette general types a. Type I Excision of the prepuce, with or without excision of part or the entire clitoris. b. Type II Excision of the clitoris with partial or total excision of the labia minora. c. Type III Excision of part or the entire external genitalia and the stitching or narrowing of the vaginal disruption (infibulation) (Momoh 6). d. Type IV Pricking, piercing or incising of the clitoris and or the labia scraping of tissue surrounding the vaginal orifice cutting of the vagina and or the introduction of acerb substances or herbs into the vagina to induce bleeding or to tighten the opening (UNFPA n.pag. ). FGM is usually performed by traditional midwifes or village barbers. They use unsterilized instruments such as razor blades, knives, broken glass, scissors or sharpened stones. Furthermore, they conduct procedures without anesthetic in unhygienic settings (WHO, 148). A new phenomenon, however, has emerged in the recent years the medical examinationization of FGM. scorn laws banning the practice of FGM, hospitals in Egypt, Kenya and Sudan now clandestinely perform the procedure.Under the pretext of an illness, female teenagers in these countries are circumcised in the hospital either early in the morning or late at night. The procedure is done during these hours in order to evade detection and arrest. The punishment for performing FGM is relatively stiff a $625 fine or incarceration for up to a year. But doctors willingly look the othe r way for the money medical practitioners in Kenya, for instance, are stipendiary between $37 and $125 for every procedure they perform. Traditional practitioners, in sharp contrast, could charge only as much as $25 (Nzwili n.pag. ). Egypts current problem with FGM can be traced back to the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in 1994. The ICPD was held in Cairo supposedly a turning point in the understanding of health, development and womens redresss in the Islamic world. Critics, however, pointed out that the Cairo Program of Action merely forwarded a holistic vision of the connections between sexual ad reproductive health and womens economic autonomy, social and political equality, access to education and freedom from violence (Chavkin and Chesler 35).The issues regarding the right of women to control their sexuality and the relevance of this right to achieving health and social justice were inadequately discussed (Chavkin and Chesler 35). Despite thi s shortcoming, the ICPD managed to transform the issue of FGM from a relatively low-profile subject into intimacy of national debate. Conservative religious leaders who participated in the conference and their allies in the Egyptian press expressed their approval of FGM by claiming that it is an important part of national and religious identity.Progressive womens groups, on the other hand, argued that the practice perpetuated the inferior status of women in Egyptian society. In the process, this dispute on FGM showed that the stem of womens rights is simply a gist for Egyptian politicians to attain popularity among the electorate (Chavkin and Chesler 35). Eager to make a good impression on all the foreign delegates of the ICPD, specially on those from the West, the Egyptian minister of health stated that FGM was already a dying practice in Egypt.But on the very next day, CNN report about the circumcision of a young girl that took place somewhere in Cairo (Chavkin and Chesler 35) . The minister, in an act of political face-saving, declared that the Egyptian government was firm to confront and put an end to the practice. In order to appease Egypts conservative sector, meanwhile, he signed an ambivalent decree which allowed only public medical facilities to perform FGM. The law even included provisions which set standard fees and special days when families could book appointments (Chavkin and Chesler 36).The aforementioned aftermath of the ICPD showed the greatest obstacle towards in full implementing anti-FGM policies and programs not just in Egypt but in all other countries that practice FGM the reconciliation of universal imperatives of human rights with the values of local cultures. The same dilemma as well as hounded other FGM-related fatalities, particularly the death of four-year-old Egyptian girl Amira Hassan. She died in 1996 due to anesthesia-related complications while undergoing FGM. Instead of pressing charges against the doctor, Ezzat Shehat , Hassans parents simply dismissed her death as a will of God (HURINet n.pag. ). They believed that subjecting their daughter to FGM was their duty as good Muslims (HURINet n. pag. ). Most Egyptians continue to believe in the said relationship between FGM and Islam. A 2005 UNICEF report on the practice revealed that about 97% of women between 15 and 49 years old were subjected to circumcision (Reuters-AlertNet n. pag. ). Despite a 2008 law which renders FGM punishable by three months to two years in prison and a fine of LE 1,000 to LE 5,000, the practice continues to be secretly carried out in Egypt.According to the countrys conservative and religious groups, FGM is necessary to maintain a womans chastity (Samaan n. pag. ). Indeed, cultural and religious beliefs are to a fault major factors piece of ass the issue of FGM in Egypt. The practice has already existed long onwards the advent of Islam. And for a good reason patriarchy was already in existence even before the emergence of religion. For a patriarchal society to survive, female sexuality must be limited and controlled (Turshen 146). FGM is regarded as one of the approximately effective means of controlling a womans sexuality.The clitoris, the labia minora and the labia majora the organs removed in FGM enable a woman to enjoy sexual telling. In a patriarchal society, women are not supposed to experience the pleasures of sex. They are supposed to be sexless beings, faithfully serving their respective families and engaging in sex only for the purpose of procreation. Women who do otherwise are considered promiscuous (Turshen 146). It is therefore believed that circumcised women are less likely to be unchaste and commit adultery. In addition, FGM is viewed as a means of emphasizing femininity.When a woman is circumcised, the parts of her body that are metaphorically seen as male, such as the pubic sensory hair and the clitoris, are removed. During ancient times, it was believed that the clitoris wo uld grow and protrude like the (penis) (Turshen 150). Men, on the other hand, undergo circumcision in order to enhance their sexuality. Male circumcision entails the cutting of the prepuce of the penis. A circumcised penis is believed to be more responsive to sexual arousal than an uncircumcised one thus the ancient belief that circumcision is necessary for virility. Furthermore, a circumcised penis is easier to persist in clean.Circumcision eliminates the formation of smegma, a combination of oil, moisture and dead skin cells which serves as a lubricant during sexual intercourse (Turshen 146). Islam does not directly state that all Muslims must be circumcised regardless of gender. However, much of the existing Islamic literature today emphasizes a special link between Islam and FGM (Turshen 151). The or so well-known hadith (oral traditions that record the Prophet Muhammads speech and actions) about FGM tells of a debate between Muhammad and Um Atiyyah, a woman who used to circu mcise female slaves.Muhammad was said to have asked Um Atiyyah if she continued to practice her profession (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). She said she did, adding that she would not stop doing so unless it is forbidden and you order me to stop doing it (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). He then replied, Yes, it is allowed. Come closer so I can teach you if you cut, do not overdo it (la tanhiki), because it brings more radiance to the face (ashraq) and it is more pleasant (ahza) for the husband (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). Since the first centuries of Islam, however, Muslim scholars have been scrutinizing the authenticity of the hadiths.They believe that majority of the hadiths were contradictory and (contained) affirmations that gave a bad impression of the Islamic religion (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). In lieu of the hadiths, Muslim scholars came up with their own explanations behind the association of FGM with Islam. The first theory was that FGM was a means of savi ng women from the degradation that they experienced in the pre-Islamic era. For the Muslims, the pre-Islamic era was the Age of Ignorance a period of corruption, rakeshed, moral corruption and social chaos (Akhtar 23). Women in the pre-Islamic era had few rights.The practice of burying infant females in the sand was very rampant. Those who managed to live to adulthood, meanwhile, had no other means of survival except through prostitution (Akhtar 23). It has been mentioned earlier that the organs removed in FGM the clitoris, the labia minora and the labia majora enable a woman to enjoy sexual intercourse. By removing these organs, therefore, it was evaluate that women would no longer take pleasure in sexual intercourse and abandon prostitution in the process. The second theory is that some Islamic societies cleverness have acquired the practice of FGM from other cultures or religions.During Muhammads time, the Jews were considered as the elite of Arab society. Consequently, it became inevitable that Islam was influenced by Jewish doctrines and practices such as circumcision (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). But this begs the question of how come even Muslim females are circumcised the Jews circumcise only males. The answer is that Islam might have tailored certain Jewish doctrines and practices to suit its own objectives. One of the objectives of Islam was to inebriate the status of women (Akhtar 23). In order to achieve this goal, Islam put its own flavor to the Jewish practice of circumcision.As a result, even Muslim women were required to undergo circumcision. Despite varying explanations regarding the origins and purposes of FGM, one thing is certain it is not without detrimental physical and psychological effects. The most immediate negative effects of FGM are severe pain and hemorrhage, which, in turn, can result in hypovolaemic shock and death. Other direct effects include abscesses, wound contamination and local infections obvious results of performing the procedure in unhygienic surroundings using unsterilized tools (WHO 149).FGM too has substantial long risks. The practice usually obstructs the drainage of urine, vaginal secretions and catamenial blood. This occurrence, in turn, results in chronic pelvic infections, menstrual dysfunction and menstrual pain. Urinary retention, meanwhile, leads to chronic urinary tract infection and renal damage. When menstrual blood is unable to flow out of the body, abdominal pain and swelling ensue (WHO 149). The abdominal distention that circumcised women experience due to the lack of menstrual flow has been misinterpreted as a pregnancy.As a result, some circumcised but unmarried women have been subjected to honor killings killed by their male relatives in order to preserve the honor of their clan. FGM also exposes a woman to the risk of contracting HIV. Unsterilized instruments may transmit HIV-infected blood into an HIV-negative patient (WHO 149). Women who underwent FGM may also experience difficulties in sexual intercourse after the procedure. Penetration may either be painful or impossible due to a narrow introitus. Prolonged postcoital bleeding and anorgasmia may likewise take place.In some cases, surgery was necessary to open up the vagina for penetration (WHO 150). FGM may render a woman infertile. Chronic pelvic infections much lead to the obstruction of the fallopian tubes. The latter is one of the most common causes of ectopic pregnancy, which can lead to the death of both the mother and the baby. Narrowing of the introitus, meanwhile, may lodge a couple to use the anus or the urethra for sexual intercourse. Fluctuating hormones during pregnancy put circumcised women at more risk for genital and urinary tract infections than their uncircumcised counterparts (WHO 150).The most common psychological disorders among circumcised women are depression and anxiety they have to conform to parental and societal expectations while dealing with pain, co mplicated recovery and other long-term health effects. Painful sexual intercourse may result in them having immensely traumatic memories of their wedding night. Circumcised women also have to live each day in fear they constantly view each cyst that grows in them as a possible symptom of cancer or other adept ailment (WHO 152). When the physical pain becomes too much for them to endure, they might resort to suicide.Female genital mutilation is one of the worst forms of violence that can be inflicted on a woman. In an effort to tie her to the home, she is horribly mutilated and made to live in constant pain for the rest of her life. A circumcised woman is also made to live in fear. She is constantly warned by society that to avoid circumcision is to face ostracism and even condemnation. Much still has to be done before FGM will finally be abolished. But the first step remains to be education. Societies must be made aware of the importance of educating girls.Numerous studies have al ready proven that girls who have attained basic education are healthier and are less likely to die in childbirth than those who did not. When the members of a particular society both male and female are healthy, this society becomes productive. Works Cited Akhtar, Shabbir. The Quran and the Secular Mind A Philosophy of Islam. New York Routledge, 2007. Bullough, Vern L. , and average Bullough. Human Sexuality An Encyclopedia. New York Taylor and Francis, 1994. Chavkin, Wendy, and Ellen Chesler. Where Human Rights Begin health, Sexuality and Women in the New Millennium.Chapel Hill Rutgers University Press, 2005. Denniston, George C. , Frederick Mansfield Hodges and Marilyn Fayre Milos. Male and Female Circumcision Medical, Legal and Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Practice. New York Springer, 1999. Egyptians Stand by Female Circumcision. 10 December 1996. The Human Rights Information Network (HURINet). 27 February 2009 http//www. hartford-hwp. com/archives/32/018. html. Egypt Mufti Says Female Circumcision Forbidden. 24 June 2007. Reuters-AlertNet. 27 February 2009 http//www. alertnet. org/thenews/newsdesk/L24694871. htm.Markle, William H. , Melanie A. Fisher and Raymond A. Smego. Understanding Global Health. New York McGraw-Hill Professional, 2007. Momoh, Comfort. Female Genital Mutilation. Abingdon Radcliffe Publishing, 2005. Nzwili, Fredrick. In Africa, FGM Checks into Hospitals. 5 December 2004. Womens ENews. 27 February 2009 http//www. womensenews. org/article. cfm/dyn/aid/2097/. Promoting Gender comparability Frequently Asked Questions on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting. n. d. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). 27 February 2009 http//www. unfpa. org/gender/practices2. htm. Samaan, Magdy.Shoura Council Passes Child Law, Criminalizes FGM. 12 May 2008. Daily News Egypt. 27 February 2009 http//www. dailystaregypt. com/article. aspx? ArticleID=13659. Turshen, Meredeth. African Womens Health. Trenton Africa Word Press, 2000. World Health Org anization (WHO). 1999. Female Genital Mutilation Programmes to Date What Works and What Doesnt. Geneva, Switzerland Department of Womens Health Health Systems and Community Health. World Health Organization (WHO). Mental Health Aspects of Womens Reproductive Health A Global Review of the Literature. Geneva World Health Organization, 2008.

Understanding the Novel Housekeeping Essay Example for Free

Understanding the Novel Housekeeping EssayThe clean authorize Housekeeping is scripted by sensation of the most famed and talented author, Marilynne Robinson. As one of the certified Pulitzer Prize-winning authors, Marilynne Robinsons 1980 novel c whollyed the Housekeeping has been nominated for the category of Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, which later-on she too won for another novel entitled Gilead that paved the instruction for her Heming dash Foundation/PEN Award for best first novel.As of the present time, this novel continues to receive and gain broad recognitions and honors that commemorate the get going and contribution of a great American author in the industry of publishing and American literary writing scene. In the year 2003, the Guardian unlimited, a British online site owned by Guardian Media Group, named the novel Housekeeping as one of their top 100 list of selection of greatest novels of all time. In addition to this, the Time Magazine, one of the giants in the publishing business, included the said novel of Marilynne Robinson Housekeeping in their TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005.This cellular inclusion and recognition shows the sterling quality of the novel and its elements. In a sense, there are various reasons and apparent explanations as to how and why this novel of Marilynne Robinson continues to attract the concern of the readers and still remain as one of the ever significant stories that has been written. One of the better rationales is that Housekeeping, just like any other widely admired novels, is written with a very strong plot that is designed to directly present and depict a significant personality and character through the representation of Ruth, one of the leading characters in the novel.In this regard, this essay would directly draw a clear picture and discussion about the character of Ruth and her identity in the main narrative of the novel. In the novel, Ruth is mainly depicted and stood as a character which has a stong personality that is composed and firm despite the proscribe events that have happened in their family and between her and Lucille, who is her babe. Ruth is presented in the main narrative of the novel as a brave woman who is filled with hopes and beliefs with their family and their eccentric way of spirit.Set to live and grow-up with a dysfunctional family, where she and her sister, Lucille, are abandoned by their biological parents with their mother committing a suicide, it is observable that the presentation of Ruth in the novel is a paradigm that the author has used to illustrate specific propertys of an individual who is brave enough to live and move on with what he or she believes is right. As for the own perception of Ruth, it is observable that staying and living under the eccentric way of life by their family is what makes her complete as a person and as a normal individual on this world.In respect to the representation of Ruth, it is appar ent that the main narrative of the novel further strengthens the notion that Ruth, though has been through diametrical pictures and stories of pain and difficulties with her experiences of a dysfunctional family, still has that belief about the primary stance and role of family to her life as a living entity in their community. As seen apparent to the novels story, Ruths standpoint is that her family is the primal basis that gives her that distinct identity as a normal entity in this world.Ruth believes that living and adhering to their improper family lifestyle, more especially according to the life of her Auntie, Sylvie, renders her the particular details as a living member of their society. Thus, unlike her sister, Lucile, Ruth takes pride in living her life according to the legacy of their family despite of all the difficulties and many questions that she has in mind. Despite of the many differences and misunderstandings that she has against her younger sibling, Lucille, she h as remained to be a loving and caring elderly sister for Lucille.As seen apparent in the narrative of the novel, Ruths character is an example of a typical protective and concerned elder sister for Lucille where she has stood before her sister for security. Ruth also expressed her love for her younger sister through their shared collection of quality and happy moments spent unneurotic prior to the decision of Lucille to go the opposite way and live a conventional life with another family residing in town. In addition to this, Ruths character is also affectionate and emotional as she grieved with so much pain with the departure of her sister to live a different way of life.Moreover, it can also be said that Ruth, despite the characteristic of being brave and composed in pursuing and sticking with the what she believe is right, is a character filled with different confusions and questions which she tries to rally specific adjudicates and enlightenment for. As the main narrator of the novel, who tells mostly the story of her experiences from childhood up to womanhood, Ruth herself has numerous thoughts and issues that she can not even answer by her self.There are things and actions that she is seeing, more especially from the eccentric lifestyle of her Auntie Sylvie and her grandmother from the moment they are forsaken by their own parents. Thus, Ruths main personality and character is shaped by many of her own undertakings and events in her life that leads her to be coherent in such a way that she is independent to make any decisions that is based from her own way of thinking.As compared to her sister, Lucille, Ruth is more composed and firm as she refused to embrace the extensive settle of the outside forces such as the predominance of modern civilization and beliefs of many individuals that surrounds them. Ruth is a character in the novel which has played a sooner distinct important role. She served as the narrator of the story and her viewpoint says the distinct taste of the novel and it is on her personality from which the story depends on.She has a little sister whom she grew up with and as she became nonetheless taller than the rest, there is the need for her sister Lucille to remove the heels of the shoes in order for her to be able to move more by nature and allow her to stand more normally. In this respect, it is seen that Marilynne Robinson, the author of the novel, has the similar characteristic where she remains taller than the rest but tries to remove the heels that sets her apart from the rest.More so, she tries to remove the untrue pretentions and high antepasts which come from the current notions of fiction from the people. Another characteristic of Ruth in the story is her ability to follow and adopt a particular characteristic that is embodied in the values of her mother. According to one statement of Ruth in the novel, the requests of her mother to wait for her has established in me the habit of waiting and expec tation which make any present moment most significant for what it does not contain (Robinson, 214).This particular characteristic of Ruth, as a character in the novel, has shown her to be a child patiently and dreamingly wishes of a parent who has abandoned her. As her mother left them in the care of one another, they have continuously and expectedly seek to contain all the hardships and patiently waited for something which they are unsure would come to them anymore. Works Cited Robinson, Marilynne. Housekeeping A Novel. New York St Martins Pr, 2004.

Home Depot Analysis Essay Example for Free

main office depot Analysis EssayStrategic audit1. Current SituationA. Current PerformanceThe Home Depot Inc. performed quite surface in the past few years from 2000- 2005. Firstly, It opened more than 900 stores until 2005 and their sales doubled during that period as well. Secondly, The Earnings per sh atomic number 18 growth at least(prenominal) 20% in each of the year from 2000 till 2005. Thirdly, it accounts 10% market share of the US home appliances market by the end of 2005. This growth is large because The Home Depot was just an inconspicuous company five years before. To sum up, its financial success ensures the company to create values to the shareholders.B. Strategic rigMission The Home Depot is a home improvement retailer. It can be categorized as a retailer that devilries products and services at the kindred time because the goal of The Home Depot is to provide the highest level of service. The Home Depot is not just selling home improvement products but also installing the products, thus it combines the warehouse-format stores with a high level of customer service. Objectives The slogan of the company is Improve Everything We Touch. Strategies The Companys overall strategy is enhancing the core, extending the business and expanding the market. The 3E are consistent with each other.Policies2. Corporate GovernanceA. Board of DirectorsThere are 11 people in the board of directors and 9 of them were external member, which called no-management directors. The directors are in full of experience in different aspects they are closely working together to ensure the company is in the right track. Robert Nardelli Chief Executive Officer of Home Depot. He is an inside director. Milledge Hart non-independent outside director. He is an external member. Kennth Langone Lead Director of the Board.Non-Management DirectorsGregory D.Brennman chief executive officer and chairman of Burger King. Owned 33,519 of Home Depot stock. John L.Clendenin CEO and c hairman of Bellsouth Corporation. Owned 38,832 shares of Home Depot stock and chaired the boads Audit Committee. Claudio X.Gonzalez Chairman and CEO of Kimberly-Clark de Mexico.Owned 64,457 of Home Depot stock. Milledge A,Hart Chairman of DocuCorp International. Owned 3,568,411 of Home Depot stock. Bonnie G.Hill Owned 22,370 of Home Depot stock, etc.4. Internal EnvironmentC. Corporate ResourcesResearch and Design

Capital Structure Effect on Performance in Renewable Energy

not bad(p) organise Effect on carrying into action in renewable EnergySarah Sophia HamdiCapital Structure Effects on household Performance in the renewable Energy Sector Evidence from Germany1. Explanation of your dissertation topic (about 800 words)Overall motivation and objectivesThe Kyoto Protocol induced a growing number of countries to establish targets for renewable capacity supplies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as to increase energy security. These targets atomic number 18 either explicit in terms of installed capacity or as a percentage of energy consumption. These targets have served as important catalysts for increasing the sh be of renewable energy without the world.As a result of the growing share of energy generated from renewable sources such as wind, water and biomass Germanys energy supply is turn greener from socio-economic class to year. As shown in graph 1 in 2014 renewables already accounted for 25.8 per cent of the gross power production in Germany. On 1 April 2000 the Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) went into force and lead to a massive increase of the renewable energy production in the electricity sector, from under 40 to oer 140 billion of kilowatt per hours (see graph 2).Graph 1 Gross power production in Germany in 2014Source AG Energiebilanzen, as of declination 2014Graph 2 Gross electricity generation in billions of kilowatt-hoursSource BMWi based on Working Group on Renewable Energies Statistics (AGEE-Stat, August 2014 foregoing figures)The German government wants to further flip ones lid this share by the year 2025, the aim is to produce 40 to 45 per cent of electricity from renewable sources and 55 to 60 per cent by the year 2035. These numbers indicate that renewable energy companies increasingly need to compete efficiently against existing companies generating energy through other power sources such as oil, nuclear and hard coal energy etc.As investments in renewable energy plants grow, so do the r isks inherent in owning, building and operating such plants. Excluding debt, business risk is the basic risk of firms operations and one of the factors that influence a companys crown- organise decision making. The level of business risk is shaped not only by the companies decisions but by whats happening to the industry and the economy. The renewable energy industry is effected by numerous sector specific risks such as building and testing risk, business, environmental, financial, marketplace, operational, political/regulatory and weather related volume risk. In such a risky industry, what otherwise would be an appropriate and safe amount of debt becomes more dangerous and unstable, so that normally equity financing is safer than through debt. However firms that are in the growth stage of their cycle typically finance that process through debt and borrow money to enable their growth. The conflict that arises with this method is that the revenues of growth firms are typically unst able and unproven. Meaning that a high debt load is usually not appropriate due to the danger of financial embarrassments. Hence as companies expand their investments in renewable energy projects, funding is a particular challenge and questions about firms dandy structure decisions are not easily answered.Theoretical reasonOver the last few decades much look for has been done on whether a relationship between with child(p) structure and a firms financial work exists. At this point I would like to include a detailed literature review.Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller formed with their theorem the foundation for modern thinking on jacket structure. They developed the Capital Structure Irrelevance Proposition where they hypothesized that in perfect markets the capital structure of a firm does not influence its performance. Nevertheless the theorem is by and large viewed as a highly theoretical hypothesis, since it disregards important factors such as transaction costs and unce rtainty, it was often used as the basis for further research in the last decades. The pecking-order theory, the agency theory and the trade-off theory are the three main theories discussing the optimal capital structure of a firm. All of them wed different approaches which I will summarise and contrast with each other.The different theories and findings raise key questions such as whether it is possible to identify an optimal capital structure for firms operating in the important and future-oriented industry of renewable energies.Research epitome and methodologyFollowing to the introduction of the key theories and the literature review on this topic I would like to carry out my own quantitative study and run a regression analysis with financial information of 20 companies operating in the renewable energy sector, including wind, solar, bio and water energy in Germany. Due to the fact that non-listed firms are not required to disclose their financial accounts my data will be gaine d from listed companies that are obligated to share the relevant information. I would like to examine whether there exists a relationship between the implemented capital structure and the firms performance measured in return on equity and share price.Equations (1)(2)Where return on equity for firm i in year t. price of a share for firm i at year t. financial leverage for firm i at year t . plain assets for firm i at year t. size of the firm i at year t. growth of the firm i at year t. material assets, size and growth serve as control variables whereas financial leverage of the firm is considered as the main variable to express the capital structure.My aim is to be able to match one of the three theories and to identify an optimal capital structure for renewable energy firms. In order to interpret the findings of the quantitative analysis I would also like to include a complementary qualitative research analysis for example through directors statements on their financing decisi ons.2. 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