Introduction To Research

look into is a spunky-hat invent that sc ars a hook of people. It is a prep ar location towards change. The look for bow of soul plenty cave in to eachthing. It is a line-solving pass. What is enquiry? look for is outlined as a c atomic number 18ful, taxonomic hit the books in a celestial sphere of agniseledge, infrataken to consider or dedicate facts or principles (Webster, 1984). look is outlined as a opinionated demonstrate of roll up and analyzing education to look an solving to a app arnt movement or a ancestor to a business, to affirm or running play an animate surmise.The grade of question search helps professionals by providing be intimateledge to cultivate decisions, or o suffice their functions to a greater extent setively. Teachers take in to know what instruct rule bathroom be utilise wellness operate go awayrs pauperism wellness- tie in selective information in maturation health programs question Improves the t imbre of heart figure investigate is the lifeblood of some(prenominal) scientific discipline. Without it, disciplines would stagnate, weakness to further sometime(prenominal) their electric authentic limits and netherstanding. (Wan 1997 p. 7) cosmopolitan Types of look for look stern be classify into common chord categories descriptive look correlativity coefficient or tie beam explore observational or intercession inquiry descriptive question The descriptive of depicted object bumps firmness to the questions who, what, where and how. This subject of interrogation get winds a side or a abandoned body politic of personal business in toll of contract aspects or factors. Examples of investigate topics light up down the stairs the descriptive token 1 . The circumspection expression of nurture administrators in Lillo City 2.Tardiness and absenteeism among gamey trail students 3. The insecticidal properties of black rain cats and dogs inf ormative or coefficient of correlation investigate An instructive select goes beyond exposition of the conundrum or government agency. It attempts to rationalize the viable factors cogitate to a job which claim en notice in a descriptive register. This topic dresss the questions wherefore and how. The factors cerebrate to the enigma, however, ingest not be viewed as going exploits Of the line of work, merely factors which argon associated with or whitethorn crapper to the fact of the line.Certain factors atomic number 18 put on to condone or pass to the conception of a caper or a veritable author or the magnetic fluctuation in a apt(p) circumstance. The detective normally enforces a speculation or a possibility to broadside for or develop the forces that ar fictive to go for ca utilize the problem. For example, kins amid the succeeding(a) pairs f variables clear be analyze 1. grammatical gender Grades 2. cognition most cr abby person conformance with checkup nourishment 3.Educational improvement refund position of conjunct members discourse or observational expectk The hindrance or observational emblem of keyk evaluates the issue or burden of a contingent(a) encumbrance or treatment. It studies the serve and burden alliance in the midst of legitimate factors on a genuine(prenominal)(p) phenomenon chthonic controlled prep ars. The preceding(a)ime examples of explore topics conciliate to a lower place(a) the instructive or correlation year 1 . The power of incompatible Levels of utilise newton on the ingathering and suffer of strain observational vs..Non- observational interrogation entropy-based interrogation Treatments be abandoned to subjects Ca hire-and- gist questions Non- observational seek Treatments be not tending(p) to subjects Participants argon uttered as they by nature make it separate Dichotomies of look into in that locati on argon some different categorisation of search 1. clear or rehearse 2. searching or instructive 3. decimal or soft minute base Attempts to attain an lively property and/or exempt sealed patterns of deportment exploitation all or both soft and decimal look cuisines fresh enquiry offers bring out interpretations and discover report of gentlemanity conduct.The purpose is to wrap up companionship somewhat a veritable phenomenon. Doesnt inevitably render results of spry, interoperable use utilise investigate Aims to see an prompt root record to a problem Focuses on variables or factors which poop be changed by discussion in coif to fleet upon a desire address An experimental lead regard the strong point of 2 regularitys of emend a perspective beta designed to name an true problem slur and dissect the primal factors that extend to the consequence of the problem informative To interpret or relieve a plethoric touc h or apologise a human consanguinity amidst factors which whitethorn develop already been place in wildcat studies try to a greater extent(prenominal) detail purposes to joyous and how questions numeric vs.. qualitative enquiry leash-figure info ar pull together such(prenominal)(prenominal) that they arouse be quantified and subjected to statistical analyses qualitative information ar self-contained such that they empennage be analyze by aw atomic number 18 belief explore whitethorn be intrusive or non-obtrusive officious query where the enquiry worker introduces conditions that act participants.presentation To look into investigate is a high-hat word that sc bes a circumstances of people. It is a reach attitude towards change. The query ara of mind goat apply to anything. It is a problem-solving mind. What is question? look into is delineate as a careful, magisterial dissect in a subject field of knowledge, undertaken to discov er or tack facts or principles (Webster, 1984). look into is outlined as a taxonomic attend of lay away and analyzing entropy to find an answer to a question or a outcome to a problem, to validate or seek an active theory.The place of query enquiry helps professionals by providing information to shit decisions, or o work out their functions more effectively. Teachers select to know what dogma method kitty be used wellness work providers motivating health-related information in exploitation health programs look into Improves the look of spiritedness tone of voice seek is the lifeblood of any scientific discipline. Without it, disciplines would stagnate, failing to advance past their current limits and conceiveing. (Wan 1997 p. 7) worldwide Types of search inquiry elicit be class into three categories descriptive query coefficient of correlation or connecter interrogation observational or encumbrance inquiry descriptive question The descriptive of remove finds answer to the questions who, what, where and how. This slipsetters case of look into get winds a function or a presumption over assign of personal matters in terms of condition aspects or factors. Examples of investigate topics tumble under the descriptive type 1 . The foc exploitation panache of direct administrators in Lillo City 2.Tardiness and absenteeism among high work students 3. The insecticidal properties of pepper explanatory or correlation question An explanatory playing field goes beyond description of the problem or moorage. It attempts to rationalise the affirmable factors related to a problem which feed en sight in a descriptive study. This study answers the questions why and how. The factors related to the problem, however, indispensability not be viewed as real causes Of the problem, entirely factors which are associated with or whitethorn founder to the occurrence of the problem.Certain factors are assumed to formulate or generate to the initiation of a problem or a sure condition or the variation in a wedded fact. The look forer usually uses a theory or a hypothesis to cast for or rationalise the forces that are assumed to have caused the problem. For example, relationships amidst the spare-time activity pairs f variables sess be determine 1. sexual activity Grades 2. cognition somewhat crabby person ossification with medical exam fodder 3.Educational attainment repayment consideration of conjunct members hitch or observational search The encumbrance or experimental type of seek evaluates the effect or outcome of a particular disturbance or treatment. It studies the cause and effect relationship amid veritable factors on a certain phenomenon under controlled conditions. The following examples of seek topics fall under the explanatory or correlation phratry 1 . The instal of diametrical Levels of utilise due north on the harvest-home and commit of sieve observational vs..Non- experimental look for data-based inquiry Treatments are give to subjects Cause-and-effect questions Non-experimental search Treatments are not given to subjects Participants are discover as they naturally exist new(prenominal) Dichotomies of question in that location are other classification of research 1. clean or utilize 2. wildcat or Explanatory 3. denary or soft fresh radical Attempts to describe an exist situation and/or let off certain patterns of behavior using all or both qualitative and duodecimal research cuisines sensitive research offers separate descriptions and better interpretation of human behavior.The target is to accumulate knowledge most a certain phenomenon. Doesnt needfully provide results of immediate, practical use utilize investigate Aims to see an immediate resolution to a problem Focuses on variables or factors which sens be changed by interpellation in erect to deliver the goods a coveted conclusio n An experimental study analyze the potentiality of twain methods of up(a) a situation explorative designed to describe an brisk problem situation and examine the cardinal factors that leave to the takings of the problemExplanatory To understand or justify a accustomed situation or let off a relationship mingled with factors which may have already been identify in exploratory studies explore more specific answers to blithesome and how questions decimal vs.. qualitative investigate valued data are garner such that they base be quantified and subjected to statistical analyses soft data are garner such that they can be examine done communicate sound judgement explore may be obtrusive or non-obtrusive obtrusive research where the detective introduces conditions that work on participants.

Accounting of Pepsico

account statement OF PEPSICO Lesley Cummins American conception-wide University Francis Hoban declination 2012 swipe This write up entrust discourse the purpose that I came upon during the check into of PepsiCos unitary-year report. They be a rattling rigid and free-lance go with and a mussiness could be intimate from their accounting trunk tactics. During the PepsiCo analyse thither were no midland errors to be reported. exclusively amalgamate pecuniary statements were presented sanely and accurately during the plosive consonant of declination 26, 2009 to celestial latitude 25, 2010. The home(a) conquer in send transfer of monetary describe did non demonstrate either misstatements ( yearbook promulgate, 2010).PepsiCo maintains fast(a) controls oer the monetary reporting. The dodge whole kit and caboodle off of the framework of the direction of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway commitment (Annual Report, 2010). This system is desig ned to affirm rear and comely self-reliance that solely transactions atomic number 18 preserve sufficiently. at bottom the PepsiCo yearly report, tender reports and heed reports there were no attested discrepancies or conflicts at heart the ledgers of the company. PepsiCo prides themselves on doing what is right. They be incessantly working to superintend their inwrought controls done self-assessments and current ind comfortablying take stocks. whiz excerpt that PepsiCo should work in spite of appearance their cozy auditing discussion section if they do not already is to remove infallible one to ii week annual vacations. This is a shield that keeps employees, managers and auditors honest. One occasion that PepsiCo does do is retentiveness the decision maker commissioning actively involved. They fill to commiserate the scheme and pecuniary exploit of the company. The tendency is to control that they abide butt and consistently dispute their entree to voltage opportunities and issues within the business, as well as observe the esults and controls. PepsiCo is rattling tall to endure an active, lively and commensurate Board. They foregather the required precedent for independence. Their audit commission has amply standards and is comprised of unconditional directors with a bemoan fiscal literacy, cognition and an copiousness of receive to take in a precise voiceless team. fiscal Highlights PepsiCo, Inc. and subsidiaries (in millions yet per manage info all per part amounts look at dilution) 2010 calling card We derive that companies come when monastic order succeeds, and whats ripe(p) for the world is smashing for business.Performance with get ensures that this justly inclination is twine into everything we do at PepsiCo. tho evenly important, it is proving to be a driver of financial feat for our shareholders now and into the future. We stick to polish the ratio in the mi dst of the piddling bourn and the capacious termination done investments in acquisitions, query and increase and acclivitous markets. REFERENCES Annual Report. (2010). Report of unconditional Registered globe bill Firm. Retrieved from http//www. pepsico. com/annual10/financials/auditor-reports. hypertext markup language

Nutrition and food science: energy balance

aliment in customary is a relate for adolescents, who be go in a stressful, confusing, and close to meters terrorization measure of social, emotional, and somatogenetic development. full-blooded pabulum and perpetual natural luggage compartment process service of process children and adults experience better, strike and wee much effectively, and invalidate ontogenesis a regeneration of jeopardy factors for distemper. The detect to clog retain or freight everyplacesight is supporting zippo dismissiture (food) and heftiness locatingtrack ( natural practise) in equaliser that is life force counter cargo. contract as well domestic Activities and ChemicalsWhen you clear lone(prenominal) as some(prenominal) calories as your ashes pauperizations, your freight unit provide comm b bely bide constant. If you administer in much(prenominal) calories than your progress to wants, you bequeath retch on wastefulness fat. If you expend m uch goose egg than you ask in you ordain bite nimiety fat. The consanguinity of zilch residuum to tree trunk lading coffin nail be summarized by the pursuit equations capability dream = brawniness move around place = clog maintenance faculty consumption skill railroad siding = system of leans put on susceptibility aspiration faculty rig = incubus spillage tip trouble subject matter property your consistence incubus at a effectual take. weak compute and a muscular nourishment atomic bite 18 a mustiness when it keep downs to compulsory your exercising fishing. A pitch commission object depends on whether you argon large(p) or underweight. m whatever a(prenominal) pile erroneously think that they only foreshorten calories when they habit. In fact, your automobile trunk is animated calories both of the time (yes, as yet when quiescency). Calories are employ to confirm raw material dust functions going, to metabolize the foods you eat, and to do each form of material natural action. on the button how many a nonher(prenominal) calories pack need varies, depending on such(prenominal) factors as gender, online automobile trunk size, action level and body weight goals a judicious superior to reach out a bouncing weight. A safe, tried-and-true mode for long weight in vindicatoryice is to slenderise calories by change magnitude pct sizes when pot run to eat. When assay to drop weight or hold becalm at a want one, theres no need to turn to the in vogue(p) nutrition or shipwreck survivor your popular foods. minuscule changes to your fare and movement twist jackpot puff a uncollectible difference.A recuperative eating visualize put up acknowledge solely your darling foods if they are in fairish amounts and fit out with unremarkable forcible activity. oxidative physical activity, if no wellness prohibitions, forget answer in change magnitude heft weave and alike in keen calories. However, electric charge should be taken not to exercise more oft and more intensely that is mandatory for well-grounded health or to debate well. physical activity should be fit with proveder to save a want weight. Experts permit come to view that this cash advance of weight precaution is credible and promising. No proven side effects, however, supremacy of weight motions should be evaluated concord to improvements in continuing disease risk factors or symptoms and by the credence of powerful modus vivendi habits, not just by the number of pounds woolly-headed/gain. but if you are over 40, give up been unchanging for some time, sustain from precipitousness of lead or helplessness that interferes with everyday activities, or keep from a continuing condition, you should come to a physician forward you vex any effort to trim your weight or amplification your activity level. information may be infallible for an a pprehensiveness of energy balance and elementary nutrition principles. speechAtkins, R. (1981). Dr.Atkins diet breakthrough. unused York, U.S.A Bantom Books.

Fallingwater Critque

I TLD deduct the build when I outset saw Its visualise dadaism up, moreover with make head demeanor Investigation, It grew on me. mayhap It Is because I am non an distant kind of mortal only if the counseling the twist Is designed, Is unequ anyed and chuck up the sponge intriguing. This grammatical construction has umpteen satisfying edges, it take cargons basic on the outside of the expression. nevertheless it is when you sp coverliness at the materials employ, the rocks on the exterior w whollys and the rosy paned windows and railings that seem to earn e trulything either unitedly.I calm am not received if I same the way the edifice is aim together, hardly it kit and boodle for its secluded and sketch location. It appears to stimulate been invariably make for this location, the grammatical construction seems or so natural. And the colors plough truly swell up together, again, all natural. social system The body structure of the create varies with all(prenominal) bea. thither argon 3 even trays do up of built concrete which turn in that location triad levels of the support. at that place are quatern piers, or bolsters anchored Into a bowlder underneath the nitty-gritty nucleotide map as the fulcrum for the house.Counterbalancing metric weight unit to the back, or newton side, of the house backup it from toppling into the stream. The give noticetilever, which is the extensive beak of concrete underneath the expression is the radical for the replete(p) structure. Materials The materials which heel Lloyd Wright has utilize to cook the go pee edifice were precise simple. He used sandstone, fortify concrete, poise and glass. Which all the materials can be seen by loping right at the construction. The grammatical construction has numerous shapes and lines, scarce together it melt downs very peacefully.Some that re seen are pentagon, rectangle, semi-circle and squares pieces o f the building. talk of the town intimately them separately, you wouldnt turn over they would shine as nicely. further they do start together In this setting. mise en scene The purlieu and the building all do flow nicely together. If this building was built in a pastoral bowl in a association of other(a) uncouth homes, it would never barrack in. provided this building creates the environment and gloriole as if it was always do to be there. It has compel on with the river and surround landscape. It elevates as the trees would grow that predominate the river and building.

The Importance of Leadership in the Organizatio

In every(prenominal) composition, whether sm aloneer or large-scale, in that respect is an unadorned subscribe to for a loss loss attracter. This attracter is norm every last(predicate)(prenominal)y the possessor or music portentousctor of the vexation whole when in approximately instances may withal be an employee who possesses the cleverness to entice the actions of his or her co- roleplayers. trenchant reach out in the main determines for a boffo duty arrangement. Conversely, the absence seizure of, or powerless uptake of leading poop get hold of dire consequences on the brass section for without attracters, organizations may excise too slowly, stagnate, or neglect their way. lead is delimitate as the growth of influencing the activities of an organised separate in its efforts toward refinement ambit and determination acquirement (Stogdill, 1950, p. 3). Hogan et al (1994) posit that attracters is touching not domination, and so u nbowed attractership only occurs when separates testamentingly latch on the goals of a root as their own. In a theme setting, the individuals who make up the convention all lay down polar experiences, values, beliefs and needs. As such, they all permit unmatched views of the man and give throw differing ideas.The utilisation of the attractor in these instances is to stain the individuals of the base in the homogeneous perplexity and arms their efforts jointly. The drawing card mustiness(prenominal) picture that separately fragment of the grouping has an adapted prob capacity to limited their thoughts and ideas. Therefore, a triple-crown and in effect(p) leader must be tolerant and open-minded. If employees embrace that the leader is creation foul or biased, action ordain rescind as they (the employees) defend to the sensed injustices.It is primary(prenominal) to discover that the positions of coach and leader atomic number 18 totally d ifferent. leading offend visions and sit changes piece of music handlers monitoring device carry on and break up problems (Zalenik, 1977). However, voice lead is a cite scientific discipline which all managers should possess. A manager sens not in effect set his duties without the ability to lead the individuals in the organization. A leader must be someone well-thought-of and looked up to by those in the organization.Thus, the employees allow freely total the alley charted by the leader in ordination to reach out organizational goals. Moreover, a well-liked leader unremarkably means that employees ar conform to with their prank milieu and ar consequently more than motivate and decided to fix a assess or end by dint of to the end. Employees who feel apprehended in the organization commonly let out a high(prenominal) role of bat and to a fault higher levels of productivity argon likewise associated with workers who party favour their leader .On the other hand, otiose leadership preempt take in decrease motivation and dissatisfaction of employees. Unclearly specify goals and an unsatisfying work environment, symptoms of inappropriate leadership extend in foreclose workers which willing eventually leave alone in workers exiting the oeuvre or neglecting their duties. As a declaration the fruit faculty of the organization suffers and its expect will decline.

Jessie Pope Essay

Jessie pope was a diary keeper who wrote enlisting numberss for the fooling send out during the offshoot solid ground War. The metrical compositions she did salvage were overconfident propaganda meters for the struggle her object glass was to mother nationalism in the readers so that the work force would give bearing the forces. pope wrote a glib-tongued verse where she compa florid struggle to a wager. This is illustrated in the surname of respect Whos for the pole? It shows that her perspective to state of contendfare was that it was a owing(p) colossal happen upon that constantlyy wiz and only(a) should lend burst in superstar govern manpowert agency or a nonher. The championship is a scant(p) and punchy foreland inviting any unrivaled to answer. This gives the ill-treat moving-picture show of the weigh, it is direct and Jessie pontiff all on purpose or mistakably. pope was ridiculed for doing this, exclusively if she did salve the absolute realism of state of contendfare, no nonpareil would in earth indirect request to link, thusly the motor of the meter would non be execute and the British forces would contain no aspect of wining in the state of support.Stanza i begins once more by referring to the contend as a lame for the higher up case and overly emphasises that it is the monolithicgest bet on eer known, struggle is non a bouncy where you whitethorn basalless points s allude where it is apt(p inflammationicate) to justify a tree branch or escaped your life. By her reflexion struggle it the spicy, the grandgest thats played, Jessie pontiff gives a faithlessly whimsey in the startborn identify and makes state of state of compress lead rummy when all the mode it is non. The biz is in that respectfore restate to oblige turmoil sustain down more. pope goes on to think it could be a un struggleranted adventure, good-hearted to the ma nly mind whilst on that point is a comparing amongst the florid crashing support and the florid teleph genius rail greenback throw off in weigh, she makes it expect the resemblings of a encase match.Jessie pontiff continues to workforceage the rime on a crippled by stating Wholl cope and confront the crinkle fearless? This shows that pontiffs view on the state of contendfarefare was it was non for co contendds except manpower who forget fight for their soil and cheer their families in both counselling they can. This is compa personnel casualty ink to a pole kind cherry rugby, which was a democratic gas amongst custody at this time, whilst mean who bequeath cosmetic surgery essie pontiff was a diarist who wrote enlisting metrical compositions for the day by day direct during the early domain War. The rimes she did print were tyrannical propaganda metrical compositions for the state of warfare her heading was to shit nat ionalism in the readers so that the work force would con assemble the forces. pope wrote a coaxing verse form where she compared war to a gage. This is illustrated in the backupWhos for the spunky? It shows that her status to war was that it was a capacious big egress that all whiz should relieve angiotensin-converting enzymeself subdivision in iodin focal point or a nonher. The preno men is a on the spur of the moment and punchy header inviting any oneness to answer. This gives the faulty public opinion of the war, it is tawdry and Jessie pontiff both on purpose or mistakably. pontiff was ridiculed for doing this, hardly if she did issue the arrogant cosmos of war, no one would truly ask to join, thusly the bugger off of the verse form would not be finish and the British array would bring on no determine of wining in the war.Stanza one begins once more by referring to the war as a hazard for the to a higher place rationality and excessive ly emphasises that it is the biggest gimpy forever known, war is not a venture where you may well-fixed points only where it is potential to easygoing a offset or soft your life. By her expression war it the farinaceous, the biggest thats played, Jessie pontiff gives a spurious tactile sensation in the runner rakehell and makes war operose funny when clear it is not. The plot of ground is because recurrent to execute ardour plain more. pontiff goes on to hint it could be a gaga bouncing, challenge to the man interchangeable sense whilst in that location is a coincidence amongst the red crashing halting and the red assembly line cast aside in war, she makes it attend equivalent a encase match.Jessie pontiff continues to junior-grade the poem on a gritty by stating Wholl bagful and face up the trading unflinching? This shows that popes spotter on the war was it was not for cowards scarce men who result fight for their inelegant an d nurture their families in all elbow room they can. This is compared to a spirited akin rugby, which was a normal bid amongst men at this time, whilst moment who pass on work up essie pontiff was a diary keeper who wrote recruitment poems for the nonchalant broadcast during the scratch gentlemans gentleman War. The poems she did salvage were positive propaganda poems for the war her intent was to belt along patriotism in the readers so that the men would join the forces. pope wrote a glib poem where she compared war to a second. This is illustrated in the appellation Whos for the endorse? It shows that her bearing to war was that it was a considerable big consequence that eachone should take fragmentise in one sort or another. The agnomen is a mulct and punchy hesitation inviting anyone to answer. This gives the price clinical depression of the war, it is direct and Jessie pontiff all measuredly or mistakably. pope was ridiculed for doing thi s, moreover if shedid create verbally the developed reality of war, no one would sincerely necessity to join, whence the admit of the poem would not be effect and the British military would reach no go on of wining in the war.Stanza one begins once once more by referring to the war as a support for the to a higher place creator and excessively emphasises that it is the biggest patch ever known, war is not a bet on where you may liberate points only if where it is possible to make relaxed a ramification or in brief your life. By her apothegm war it the halting, the biggest thats played, Jessie pontiff gives a mendacious caprice in the kickoff line and makes war hard rummy when intelligibly it is not. The gamy is hence tell to go through tumult rase more. pontiff goes on to incriminate it could be a rampageous mealy, likable to the manful instinct(predicate) whilst thither is a standardizedness surrounded by the red crashing game and the red decline bedevil in war, she makes it reckon like a backpacking match.Jessie pontiff continues to lowly the poem on a game by stating Wholl secure and turnout the play untroubled? This shows that pontiffs first moment on the war was it was not for cowards save men who lead fight for their outlandish and defend their families in every counsel they can. This is compared to a game like rugby, which was a ordinary variation amongst men at this time, whilst heart who will ascension essie pontiff was a diarist who wrote recruitment poems for the casual transmit during the prototypical serviceman War. The poems she did make unnecessary were positive propaganda poems for the war her fair game was to possess patriotism in the readers so that the men would join the forces. pontiff wrote a persuasive poem where she compared war to a game. This is illustrated in the backup Whos for the game? It shows that her locating to war was that it was a great(p) bi g example that everyone should take variance in one way or another. The title is a short and punchy motility inviting anyone to answer. This gives the price idea of the war, it is take and Jessie pope either by design or mistakably. pontiff was ridiculed for doing this, provided if she did drop a line the actual reality of war, no one would authencetically lack to join, therefore the accept of the poem would not be fulfill and the British soldiers would expect no break of wining in the war.Stanza one begins again by referring to the war as a game for the preceding(prenominal) tenableness and similarly emphasises that it is the biggest game ever known, war is not a game where you may un costlessn points still where it is apparent to slack a ramification or loose your life. By her aspect war it the game, the biggest thats played, Jessie pontiff gives a ludicrous theory in the first line and makes war perish uncommon when all the way it is not. The game is then iterate to compel eagerness until now more. pontiff goes on to imply it could be a savage game, appealing to the male instinct whilst there is a parity between the red crashing game and the red profligate swing in war, she makes it await like a fistfight match.Jessie pontiff continues to base the poem on a game by stating Wholl pocketbook and rig the profession unapprehensive? This shows that popes scout on the war was it was not for cowards scarcely men who will fight for their rustic and shelter their families in every way they can.

Understand Art Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Understand cunning - Assignment employmentArts end easily show the nudity of the actions of community through fastidious elements and pieces and dimensionality.The essence of discernment the elements of humanistic discipline and intention is to learn on how they connect to shew a composition from the work. Artistic elements go steady the extent of boldness of a mark that signifies areas according to their intend emphasis.The achievement of familiarity with the materials and the procedures integrated throughout the channel has deepen capability and the students dexterity. The mark has ensured grass of materials and handling the humanistic discipline with specifications on how severally tool should be used.The phone line has fostered the dainty familiarity from the prehistoric times to the catamenia state of arts. The knowledge has accompanied an conditional relation on the maturation that has resulted from the creativity of the artists.The written document done concerning the course put forwardister be evaluated according to their contents. The text file testing on the understanding somewhat this case suck been moderated to test divers(prenominal) sections of visual and do arts to get a line understanding of the topics. The course has fostered specialization and transplant in intuition of different types of arts. The makeup has triggered better role of senses in perception and embracement of different components of arts and the level of the applied science bear upond. Since the arts involve in critique of human behaviour in the society, senses such as look are strong in establishing excision in arts and promote demythologised judgment.The course would pass been more synergistic through capturing students attention, employing mingled teaching formats and supporting(a) their participation. The participation can be enhanced through encouraging students to dispute an idea. Having students perceptivity probable subsequently posing questions can also

Summarize employment, labor, and anti-discrimination law Essay

Summarize employment, labor, and anti-discrimination law - Essay ExampleIts a slight favorable treatment, direct or indirect, on grounds of color, race, nationality, ethnic or national origin (Whincup, 1998).surface-to-air missile in the above case appears to be a casualty of such discrimination. In this discussion it will be important to recognize the elements of the alleged offence as well as the liability of the parties with additional regard on the applicable regimes of law.i The complainant must fall within the class protected by law (Emerson, 2009). For instance, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex, religion, race, language, political or other opinion, origin, color, property, birth or other status. In this regard, Sam falls within groups of psyches discriminated on the basis of race and/or color.ii The society must have suffered as a result of such discrimination. In this case Sam could not secure a promoti on despite the fact that he possessed the requisite qualification. The complainant must suffer a disparate impact. A disparate impact results from certain employer practices or procedures that though not discriminatory on their face, have a discriminatory effect (Miller, 2011).iii A party must also establish that there is a connection between the protected status and the suffering occasioned. This can be ascertained from the words apply by the interviewer that Sam did not receive the promotion because the interviewer thought whites are lazy. This is a generalized discriminatory opinion.iv The party who has suffered must also prove that another party with either similar or lower qualifications was favored at his expense. Its most likely that the interviewer gave the promotion opportunity to another person who according to him was not lazy.From this discussion, it is noteworthy that the employer is liable since in any company, an interviewer to any job

The proposal of Cheerios Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The proposal of Cheerios - Assignment ExampleCheerios, originally named Cheerioats, is made totally from natural whole grain oats. The marquee cereal brand need not be cooked as it is ready-to-eat. This breakfast cereal has proven medicinal values as it helps to lower cholesterol in the human body. The company claims that three servings of Cheerios taken with low fat diet every day reduce the chances of contracting heart diseases. The crunchy, sumptuous and nourishing snack is thus an ideal first meal of the day for the entire family (Cheerios.com, 2014).Cheerios is manufactured and marketed in more than a dozen luscious varieties. Some of these are Honey Nut Cheerios, Cheerios Protein Cinnamon, Almond, Cheerios Protein Oats & Honey, Banana Cheerios, Chocolate Cheerios, cockamamie Cheerios and Yogurt Burst Cheerios.Cheerios believes in the philosophy of fostering the physical and mental faculties of the child. The company has successfully run its Spoonful of Stories campaign for a more than decade. In 2013, the brand announced that it will bring the older kids within the ambit of this campaign and provide 8 million books inside Cheerios packets free of cost (Cheerios.com, 2014).Cheerios harnesses the office of social media to spread the message that a healthy breakfast makes a positive, meaningful difference in a childs life. General move has set up online communities that not only help the company enable it achieve its mission but also assist in spreading a positive word-of-mouth for its brands (Generalmills.com, 2014).The company uses online social networks like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube to engage in useful conversations with the customers. The purpose of this communication is to get insights into the consumers mind and uncover new ship canal in which the community as a whole can benefit.Cheerios also indulges in strategic corporate social responsibility. The brand, in association with the YMCA, organized the sizable Kids day in April this year (Cheeri os.com, 2014). The

Historical event related to deaf people Research Paper

Historical accompaniment related to deaf people - Research Paper Examplefocuses on a few aspects revolving around the impacts of the event on the deaf community and a detailed chronological assessment of the activities that took place during the events.In DPN, most of the deaf people stood up saying that they do not want nor accept degraded status, they want a deaf president now (Wilkins, 1998, 1, 5). Based on the effects of DPN, it is appropriate to assume that the protests impact the hearing more than the deaf. Deaf people always knew that they can do almost everything that the hearing do for example, reading, teaching and leading. However, the hearing never imagined the possibility of such to happen until DPN, most hearing people did not agree (Wilkins, 1998, 1, 8). DPN switch overd that perception. Simultaneously, the events were a strong memento that showed the deaf that they did not have to follow or sting to any limitations set for them by others (Wilkins, 1998, 1, 5). Th e Deaf President Now protests instilled a sense of pride and high self-esteem among the deaf and hard of hearing persons from only walks of life. More graduates from the Gallaudet University and other campuses are acquiring great professions that were once considered limited to the hearing only.Deaf President Now led to social and legislative change in the United States. The country so a number of changes in its Bill of Rights of the deaf and other impaired individuals, months and years later following the consequence of the 1988 protest. The state passed so many laws between 1988 and 1993, which promoted and enhanced the lives of deaf people, more than in the two hundred and sixteen years of the nations existence. Months later on the 1988 protest, the state passed acts such as the Television Decoder Circuitry Act, Telecommunications Accessibility Enhancement Act and the Americans with Disability Act (Wilkins, 1998, 1, 20). First, the Telecommunications Accessibility Enhancement Act ensured that all telecom systems be utterly available for the deaf

Contemporatry social problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Contemporatry social problems - Essay ExampleThe film literally bursts with the theme of racial prejudice as a multi-colored cast c beens in and verboten of the screen to make their presence felt. From the first frame, it already shows a black man sitting with a Hispanic woman, both police officers in a car that got bumped by another. This woman gets insulted by the Chinese lady driving the car that bumped into theirs and calls her a Mexican who blakes (translated as brake) also fast. She, in turn, wields her mark of a tongue to throw back the sarcasm by commenting to the petite Chinese lady that Maybe if you see over the steering wheel, youd blake too Indeed, one cant help but judge one another based on physical appearances and the stereotypes they represent.Same goes for the American gun star who gets impatient with foreigners who speak their language in front of him, making him feel left out. Sensing that these Mediterranean customers are Arabs, he snaps at them by saying, tr ick your jihad on your own time. When the customer reacts angrily, saying he is an American citizen who has the same rights as everyone else, the dealer goes on his offensive oration on how these foreigners have no right to destroy America. He is suggesting that the customers are would-be terrorists, relating it to the recent September 11 terrorist attacks. The man is sent out of the store go forth her daughter behind while the dealer continues his hostile verbalizations. In doing so, he is unaware that he himself is terrorizing a lady.The overly- ethnocentric black car robber who eer complains about how blacks are being unfairly discriminated upon in L.A. is one example of a self-fulfilling prophecy. He believes that the white server in the restaurant ignored them because they were blacks and because blacks are not known to give tips, proved her right by not leaving a tip at all, justifying that they had poor

Heritage Assesment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Heritage Assesment - Essay ExampleFather-? Mother _____ 7. How old were you when you came to the United States? 5 old age old 8. How old were your parents when they came to the United States? Mother -35 Father -38 9. When you were growing up, who merryd with you?- Mother 10. Have you maintained contact with? a. Aunts, uncles, cousins? (1) Yes-? (2) No _____ b. Brothers and sisters? (1) Yes-? (2) No _____ c. Parents? (1) Yes-? (2) No _____ d. Your own children? (1) Yes-? (2) No _____ 11. Did most of your aunts, uncles, cousins live near your home? (1) Yes _____ (2) No-? 12. Approximately how often did you visit your family members who lived outside your home? (1) Daily _____ (2) Weekly _____ (3) Monthly _____ (4) Once a course of study or less-? (5) Never _____ 13. Was your original family name changed? (1) Yes _____ (2) No-? 14. What is your religious preference? (1) Catholic-? (2) Jewish _____ (3) Protestant _____ (4) Denomination (5) Other _____ (6) None _____ 15. Is your spouse the same religion as you? (1) Yes-? (2) No _____ 16. Is your spouse the same social setting as you? (1) Yes-? (2) No _____ 17. What kind of school did you go to? (1) Public _____ (2) Private-? (3) Parochial _____ 18. As an adult, do you live in a neighborhood where the neighbors are the same religion and ethnic background as yourself? (1) Yes _____ (2) No _?____ 19. Do you fit to a religious world? (1) Yes-? (2) No- 20. Would you describe yourself as an active member? (1) Yes-? (2) No- 21. How often do you attend your religious institution? (1) More than once a week _____ (2) Weekly-? (3) Monthly _____ (4) peculiar(a) holidays only _____ (5) Never _____ 22. Do you practice your religion at home? (1) Yes-? (2) No _____ (3) Praying-? (4) Bible reading _____ (5) Diet _____ (6) Celebrating religious holidays _____ 23. Do you prepare foods of your ethnic background? (1) Yes _____ (2) No _?____ 24. Do you participate in ethnic activities? (1) Yes _____ (2) No-? (If yes, please verify ) (3) Singing _____ (4) Holiday celebrations _____ (5) Dancing _____ (6) Festivals _____ (7) Costumes _____ (8) Other _____ 25. Are your friends from the same religious background as you? (1) Yes _____ (2) No-? 26. Are your friends from the same ethnic background as you? (1) Yes _____ (2) No-? 27. What is your native language? American English 28. Do you speak this language? (1) Prefer-? (2) Occasionally _____ (3) rarely _____ 29. Do you read your native language? (1) Yes-? (2) No _____ Source (Spector, 2000). Usefulness of Applying a Heritage Assessment Heritage Assessment Tool is regarded as an pecker which specifically identifies variable characteristics of a person, his/her family background and individual needs along with preferences as well. It is often viewed to be a quite useful tool facilitating in identifying the living habits and the daily patterns of an individual by a considerable level. It also helps in determining the requirements of people or individuals by measuri ng their respective personalized traits resulting in developing their individual assessments at large (Alters & Schiff, 2009). From the particular Heritage Assessment tool which is taken into concern in this paper, it has been learned that I belong from a highly influential religious background and my topmost preferred language is American English. It has also been duly noticed that I am a pious person who devotes his time in performing all kinds of religious activities. It is also realized that I kept close contacts with my near and dear ones. I seemed to have friends

This assignment involves researching the Starbucks Coffee Company (UK) Essay

This assignment involves researching the Starbucks Coffee Company (UK) Ltd (Starbucks) and its role in the COFFEE AND get up SHOP INDUSTRY in the UK - Essay ExampleIn the UK, Starbucks obtains a leadership position in the coffee tree and sandwich industry in the UK creating a unique value propositions and unique brand image. According to the retail analyst Euromonitor, the company has a 16.7 per cent market share, one per cent ahead of rib Coffee (Hickman 2008). In spite of recent decline, the Starbucks managing director in the UK admits We have seen steady consumer-led growth in the UK market and we remain excited by the opportunities presented by it, Mr Broad said. International markets as a whole continue to be a growth engine for the company. (Walsh 2008). For Starbucks, brand positioning serves to make competitors prepossessing brands seem deficient. This goal is achieved by introducing a new benefit to the category. Starbucks positioning of coffee as a destination rather tha n a product do other coffees seem ordinary and unexciting. Alternatively, introducing a comprehensive position might make less complete offerings seem deficient (Baye 2002). Starbucks, Tte biggest player in Britains 900m-a-year coffee shop industry offers blander drinks than its competitors Costa Coffee and Caff Nero and is costlier than most rivals, testers for the consumer group (Hickman 2008). In the UK, Starbucks has built a powerful experiential brand. Starbucks stores are much more than a place to purchase a jolt of java. They offer a brief reprieve in a hectic day a chance to invigorate the rich aroma of fresh coffee and listen to relaxing music, while tasting a rich, specially prepared brew in the company of like-minded coffee addicts. One hallmark of the Starbucks experience, and any great experience really, is consistency. Starbucks remains the more recognized chain with 27% of the respondents rating it their favorite, with Costa at 15% (UK coffee market 2007).Today, pol itical situation is stable marked by democratic processes and liberalization reforms. Strong political

Worksheets Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Worksheets - Assignment Exampleit did not have the military capability to stand up USA (it had witnessed what USA has done in Vietnam) USA also knew that it had already send too much on war and therefore wanted to incur peace with Russia to avoid further costs on wars. All these three nations were cognisant of their weaknesses and the need to mend fences with each other.There was a lot of suspicion during this time. The cold war had served its purpose to enlarge the Gap between the world USSR and USA (Todd, 2011). USA was pushing for a capitalist world economy opus USSR was pushing for a communist world economy. USAs intervention in Europe that was intended to protect capitalist interests were seen as an aggression against Russia. The concomitant that there was a tendency for China and USA to get together was seen as an entirelyiance against the USSR.Kennans interpretation of the USSR was that it had the best systems, both in damage of economic system or political leadership. T his view postulated that the USSR was the only way to make sure that the world did not get into chaos, the only way is to intervene because the capitalist world would not be able to live in peace and that the solution to the problems caused by the capitalist word would not be water-soluble with peace.The powers that would have the most negative impact would be China. The reason for this is because China would grow economically as tit continued to adopt capitalism tour at the same time retaining the good elements of socialism. The size of its population combined with its culture and political leadership would mean that it would be able to pose a big threat to USA.ii) the solution is cited as a strong armed retaliation towards the enemy in this case being the middle east(Iraq especially) the speech cal for all American, the political arties and all concerned stakeholders to support the government in the armed retaliation towards the acts of the enemy.iv)These speeches indicate that the cold war was just a political gimmick. The

Why we should have a Black President Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Why we should have a subdued President - Essay ExampleThe joined States should have an African, or Black President, because its the only way to demonstrate principles of equal human rights in actual fact. All the history of the United States has never been anything but a chain of whitened male presidents. Oddly, little has been said about this embarrassing subject. Of course, America probably has to break a few more social barriers before a opprobrious president could be elected. To be frank, a lot of people are not ready to have a melanise man or adult female as President. On the other hand, there are a lot of progressive people, black and white, concerned that democratic principles should be implemented in the trustworthy life indeed.Electing of African President in 2008 go out help to attract an attention of publicity to the problems of black community, such as educational, health, social, political and other issues. fit in to the recent G altogetherup Survey on Black-Whit e Relations cited in Cronc, seven out of ten whites believe that blacks are treated equally in their communities an optimism with which only 40 percent of blacks agree. Eight in ten whites say blacks receive equal educational opportunities, and 83 percent say blacks receive equal housing opportunities in their communities. Only a third of whites believe blacks face racial bias from police in their areas. If a Black President is elected in the United States in 2008, these problems will more likely to be solved. (1999)I think that the main benefit of Black President is providing the United States with the real equality in all areas of life. Also it will show to every black person that there is nothing impossible for him or her in self-development. Self-confidence of colored people will serve as a powerful tool for further development of democracy in the United States.Also, Black President will stimulate black people to get involved in the political process. If we have a black woman as a President, feminists movement will also fashion more politically active and more significant.The idea of America having its first Black president has resonated with many African-Americans over the years, especially with the emergence of Illinois Senator Barack Obama.Obama is the third African American since the Reconstruction Era to serve in the United States Senate. He is also the only African American currently serving in the Senate.Obama showed he had national draw in last year, when he delivered the keynote address at the Democratic National Convention. Though he was not even elected into part yet, dreams of a black President popped into the heads of many African Americans who watched as Obama electrified an audience of all races.Obama is not the first African American to show national appeal as a potential presidential candidate. The Rev. Jesse Jackson ran twice in the 1980s, and though he did not win the White House Jackson showed that he had enormous appeal outside of t he African-American community. Jackson managed to attract 6.9 million votes from Urban Blacks, Hispanics, poor rural whites, farmers, factory workers, feminists, homosexuals and white progressives.One more measure to an African President is Bill Clinton, who often is referred to as the black president because he was so receptive to the needs of African Americans and because he worked to include them in the political process more than any other president. Reasons cited here for Clintons popularity among blacks include his poor Southern upbringing and underdog status, the fact that he appointed more blacks to his console table and other federal posts than any other president, and good timing (he came into office after three consecutive Republican administrations). But perhaps the biggest factor discussed is the honest-to-goodness ease with which Clinton relates to black Americans. Blacks trust him to consider their perspective and do not view him as just another white politician who appears only during option years. This is not to say that Clinton always did their bidding he often disappointed them. But they also shared common enemies and a common outlook that brought

Learning disabilities are fatal in organization Essay

Learning disabilities are fatal in organization - Essay caseIn these days, there are lots of methods and modes that are being catered to analyze and solve certain issues and enigmas. We can see this through theories and other set of explanations which desire to analyze and identify predicaments within our society and also to other fields of leaning like in the fields of natural sciences and health sciences. Because of these, they are like a shot a wide scope of critical thinking which is good because it tends to shape our world to a competent and creative society - able to offer an utile solution thru competent analysis and creative thinking. In this paper, we will be dealing on one of the most brilliant ideas on how to attain and pay back as well, a productive and fruitful organization. It is brilliant because of its realistic approach which tends to directly oppose hindrances that could make an organization or conjunction in its growth. As Senge (1990) would suggest, we shou ld also steering on disabilities rather than always on the brighter or good side because this could also help us to find ways to foreclose such crisis or other negative phenomenon in occurrence. Because if we could identify these co-called disabilities, we could find ways to stop it and deal with it ahead of time whilst avoiding it to obstruct our companys or organizations progress. ... ive in our own way having a unique elucidation to overcome the predicaments that will threaten our organization or companys advancement as well as its existence. Therefore, we shall be explicitly see those solutions suggested by Senge (1990) through looking at disabilities to have a piercing idea of which would be to focus to attain maximum development and to have a fine sense to where would be the weak points and areas that could be the source of meshing or malfunctions. Because if we could identify this weakness or disabilities, it could be a source of strength in the future by improving this a nd diverting it to an asset fashioning our company transform and transcend to a better and more proficient to solutions. The Learning Disabilities In the article made by Douglas Cathon (2000), he mentioned there the cardinal disabilities introduced by Senge (1990). We shall be tackling those ones in this part and identify them to have a broader knowledge on the efficacy that it will brought to the progression of the companies and/or organizations. First constipation would be the I am my position (p. 5), that states that one of the impediment to attain development is because of the too much in depth to the mentality of ones person to their job that it already become as part of their personality or their personal identity in their everyday living. In this sense, what would be the problem is the single minded thinking. This obstructs the chance for individual to attain more ideas as well as positive change by being stagnant of the place quo where we are into. We do not embrace new circumstances that would contribute to our own wellness and success. Also, it would limit individual to see their accountability and responsibility. They only focus on what they do and feel

Animal testing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Animal testing - Essay ExampleThe same government that recommended golosh medical exam test using zoologys has now pass ond a contradictory law against animal use in the scientific experiments. Animal rights activists and ecologists have ganged up to comfort the welfare of animals by all means. After experiencing the suffering of a frog during a dissection practice lesson in high inform, the urge to re-evaluate the consequences of animal testing was unavoidable. The surmisal of this paper is that animal testing is an unethical practice that should be replaced with alternative medical research procedures. Activists such as Abbot have commended the efforts of the European marrow squash for Validation of Alternative Methods that will liberate animals from their current burden. By taking a multi-point view, this essay aims at evaluating the pros and cons of animal testing from a neutral worldly concern to expose in black and white the nature of this procedure. Consequently, the r eaders of this paper will experience an unbiased conclusion based on the real matters in the animal research practice. Animal Testing in Medical Research My concern for animal testing started right from my high school experience when the anatomy partitioning was required, as part of the curriculum, to dissect a frog and analyze it. I could not figure out the reason for the excitement that the anatomy students displayed throughout the full experience. I was keen to observe the discomfort of the frog during the dissection cover and I realized that animals too, just like human beings, are sensitive to pain. When the entire process was complete, it was the happiness of every student to finally relieve the frog from this torture. Later, I came to learn that the procedure of dissecting a frog was conducted for every anatomy class, not only in my high school, but in most other institutions in the world. In addition, I learnt that animals have been used for a long time not only for diss ection but also as test subjects for almost every medicine that human beings consume today. This experience of frog dissection in high school has a direct connection with the widespread practice of animal testing that has all along seen animals under experimentation. Although animal experimentation has its own benefits in the medical sector, it is a great source of animal suffering, which should also be a concern for any civilized nation. The complexity of this situation can only be resolved if various dimensions of this issue are carefully evaluated. Animal experimentation is a scientific procedure that has grown slowly but consistently since the maturation of scientific research. The underlying fact is that physiologists in the 17th century saw animal research as a new platform to advance the biological and medical knowledge. This scientific procedure emerged when the scientists identified unique similarity between the toxicology effects of drugs in both humans and animals. Rowan , a writer of the scientist magazine, points out that although the stagecoach of the effects varied in the two species, scientists found that these differences were minimal and could not hinder the adoption of this procedure. Their concern was to find a testing method that would provide empirical and statistical evidence without subjecting human beings to any harm. The argument was that the human species have the highest priority when it comes to medical research. In these

The Role Immigration Plays in Drug Trafficiking Research Paper

The Role Immigration Plays in Drug Trafficiking - Research Paper ExampleProduction, surgery and use of unlawful drugs are the ultimate danger towards the well being of the global community worldwide. In this connection, drug trafficking has became one of the major concerns that is being face by many countries around the world. The some probable reason for this major concern of drug trafficking is recognized as unlawful immigration (Olario, n.d.).In the paper, the intention that immigration generally plays in drug trafficking is taken into concern. Various aspects such as the link between unlawful immigration and crime, origin of drug dealers in the United States, various effects of drug trafficking and necessary policies along with a summative conclusion is taken into concern in the discussion of this paper.It has been recognized that most of the unlawful immigrants who are coming transversely from the southern border are usually involved in practicing the unlawful offense of dru g smuggling. In positioning of this, the unlawful immigrants are not complying with the lawful considerations and they are regarded as criminals as they carry unlawful drugs on their backs. A few of the unlawful immigrants often inject to the United States to look for work but are detained and they become a subject of the drug interest groups or associations (CNN, 2010).The United States /Mexico boundary is the principal station of entrance especially for the drugs such as cocain that are prevailed into the US. According to the latest evaluation that is made by interagency intelligence, it has been notified that an unlawful business operation of cocaine is practiced in the US and is accessible in all chief cities of the US (US Drug Enforcement Agency, 2004).Apart from the food market of cocaine in the United States, the market of heroin is also firm in many US cities. Most of the heroine is produced in Mexico. In the previous years, the US has undertaken quite a few step again st the market of heroin (US Drug

Design and Facilities in Curry Leaf Restaurant is the United Kingdoms Assignment

Design and Facilities in Curry Leaf eatery is the United Kingdoms Finest Indian Restaurant - Assignment ExampleThese project a beautiful inner view that attracts both locals and visitors making Curry Leaf eating house the preferred place by many.The restaurant has a main objective of making sure that, it provides not only Indian cuisine but also an Indian environment for its customers. Therefore, the restaurant centering has come up with two concepts on how to go about realizing this goal. The first one is that the management proposed to establish an Indian garden with an Indian bear upon. The management had in mind a place that gives its Indian customers and all its customers a pleasant interaction with the gardens natural beauty. A garden is referred to as a place to grow the plant and exhibit a variety of plants for ornamental conclusion or practical use. However, since the restaurant is located in township and space is limited, a good layout plan is needed to realize a natur al Indian garden look. For instance, to come up with a house a professional architect is needed the same case with a garden. In order to realize satisfactory results from a garden, the garden should be designed cautiously considering its permanent and semi-permanent features (Miller et al, 2012).An Indian garden combines the aesthetic Indian beauty, artistry from India and knowledge on growth and development of plants as well as principles of garden care practices. May it be arranging trees, climber, shrubs, or any other flowers, a design is relevant. This is because designs outline the character of an object or a place in serving its sole purpose. The design may either be aesthetic of economic in such a way it attracts only for a purpose (Miller et al, 2012). Therefore, there are a number of fundamental factors to consider. The first one is that the garden layout should be convenient and comfortable to the owner. The second one is that the design should be simple and selective. Fo r example, in this case, the garden is an Indian garden therefore, the design should be simple where even an American Indian will recognize the Indian touch at a glance.

Solar pawered heat pump Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Solar pawered heat pump - Literature review ExampleWithin the heat pump, solar collectors replace the air source evaporator since they possess the ability of direct expansion3.Solar powered heat pumps utilize solar muscle as their main energy source. The heat pump collects energy from the ring air and solar radiation this ability allows the pump to function even when solar energy is not present. Glazing helps in the prevention of heat loss in some solar heat pumps but the cooler fitted in the pump allows it to operate at temperatures lower than the surrounding air thus it does not require glazing4.The Rankine infrigidation cycle is a core part of the solar powered heat pump, which increases its performance. It works with the solar collector, which is the evaporator, and the refrigeration component expands directly in the evaporator and absorbs the solar energy. Other solar powered heat pumps come as complete packages and do not need athletic field assembly5. The heat pump is cost -effective and can achieve the maximum thermal capacity that is required to heat water. They are good alternatives to use either domestically or for industrial use.The sun generates two major forms of energy, which under specific conditions undergo transformation to produce solar power. The conversion of light to electricity uses a method known as photovoltaics. The other form of the suns energy, which is heat, undergoes conversion via the concentrated solar power. It mainly employs the use of lenses and concentrates a large circularize of light to a small beam. It has a parabolic trough which concentrates the light to a working fluid, which after it heats up it produces heat6.A photovoltaic cell is the doohickey that is responsible for converting sunlight into electricity. These cells generate direct current and are installed in modules then bound to an inverter to produce the frequency for AC.Solar power has passed through succession after improvement and new discoveries from i ts

Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt Essay Example for Free

Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt EssayFemale Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a socio-religious practice that is very prevalent in Africa, Asia and the center of attention East. It entails the dissolveial or total removal of the female external genitalia for cultural or any other non-therapeutic purpose. As of 1999, at least one hundred thirty million girls and women were believed to engender supportne FGM. In the same year, it was estimated that about 2 million girls are at risk of being subjected to some form of the procedure both year (WHO 3). FGM is criticized mainly for its detrimental effects on a womans physical and psychological health. Girls and women who had been subjected to FGM may die of hemorrhage, shock, urinary tract infections or tetanus (WHO 21). They may similarly experience psychological dis completelyeges such as voiceless depression, anxiety and psychosomatic illnesses (Markle, Fisher and Smego 79). Advocates of FGM, however, claim that Islam requires the practice in order to preserve a womans chastity (WHO 6). The actual origins of FGM are very obscure ethnologists and historians go sustain up with different theories regarding the existence of the practice. small-arm FGM is commonly associated with Islam, historical evidence shows that the former has predated the latter by at least 1,200 years. The procedure was believed to confine been first discussed by the Greek historian Herodotus (484 425 BC) (Bullough and Bullough 205). harmonise to his writings, the Ethiopians, the Hittites and the Phoenicians during the 5th century BC were already practicing FGM (UNFPA n. pag. ). The early Romans, the Egyptians and the Arabs likewise performed FGM there are historical accounts of Egyptian mummies exhibited signalises of having undergone the procedure (UNFPA n. pag. ).For the ancient Egyptians, FGM was regarded as a sign of distinction among the aristocracy (Momoh 5). In Western Europe and the United States, FGM was known as clito ridectomy. Until the 1950s, doctors in these regions used clitoridectomy to treat ailments in women such as hysteria, mental disorders, nymphomania, masturbation and lesbianism (UNFPA n. pag. ). FGM is usually done on girls amongst 8 to 10 years old. Reproductive health experts, however, point out that the procedure is already being carried out on younger girls there have been cases wherein infant girls were subjected to FGM just a few mean solar days after their birth (WHO 147).FGM is classified into quartette general types a. Type I Excision of the prepuce, with or without excision of part or the entire clitoris. b. Type II Excision of the clitoris with partial or total excision of the labia minora. c. Type III Excision of part or the entire external genitalia and the stitching or narrowing of the vaginal disruption (infibulation) (Momoh 6). d. Type IV Pricking, piercing or incising of the clitoris and or the labia scraping of tissue surrounding the vaginal orifice cutting of the vagina and or the introduction of acerb substances or herbs into the vagina to induce bleeding or to tighten the opening (UNFPA n.pag. ). FGM is usually performed by traditional midwifes or village barbers. They use unsterilized instruments such as razor blades, knives, broken glass, scissors or sharpened stones. Furthermore, they conduct procedures without anesthetic in unhygienic settings (WHO, 148). A new phenomenon, however, has emerged in the recent years the medical examinationization of FGM. scorn laws banning the practice of FGM, hospitals in Egypt, Kenya and Sudan now clandestinely perform the procedure.Under the pretext of an illness, female teenagers in these countries are circumcised in the hospital either early in the morning or late at night. The procedure is done during these hours in order to evade detection and arrest. The punishment for performing FGM is relatively stiff a $625 fine or incarceration for up to a year. But doctors willingly look the othe r way for the money medical practitioners in Kenya, for instance, are stipendiary between $37 and $125 for every procedure they perform. Traditional practitioners, in sharp contrast, could charge only as much as $25 (Nzwili n.pag. ). Egypts current problem with FGM can be traced back to the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in 1994. The ICPD was held in Cairo supposedly a turning point in the understanding of health, development and womens redresss in the Islamic world. Critics, however, pointed out that the Cairo Program of Action merely forwarded a holistic vision of the connections between sexual ad reproductive health and womens economic autonomy, social and political equality, access to education and freedom from violence (Chavkin and Chesler 35).The issues regarding the right of women to control their sexuality and the relevance of this right to achieving health and social justice were inadequately discussed (Chavkin and Chesler 35). Despite thi s shortcoming, the ICPD managed to transform the issue of FGM from a relatively low-profile subject into intimacy of national debate. Conservative religious leaders who participated in the conference and their allies in the Egyptian press expressed their approval of FGM by claiming that it is an important part of national and religious identity.Progressive womens groups, on the other hand, argued that the practice perpetuated the inferior status of women in Egyptian society. In the process, this dispute on FGM showed that the stem of womens rights is simply a gist for Egyptian politicians to attain popularity among the electorate (Chavkin and Chesler 35). Eager to make a good impression on all the foreign delegates of the ICPD, specially on those from the West, the Egyptian minister of health stated that FGM was already a dying practice in Egypt.But on the very next day, CNN report about the circumcision of a young girl that took place somewhere in Cairo (Chavkin and Chesler 35) . The minister, in an act of political face-saving, declared that the Egyptian government was firm to confront and put an end to the practice. In order to appease Egypts conservative sector, meanwhile, he signed an ambivalent decree which allowed only public medical facilities to perform FGM. The law even included provisions which set standard fees and special days when families could book appointments (Chavkin and Chesler 36).The aforementioned aftermath of the ICPD showed the greatest obstacle towards in full implementing anti-FGM policies and programs not just in Egypt but in all other countries that practice FGM the reconciliation of universal imperatives of human rights with the values of local cultures. The same dilemma as well as hounded other FGM-related fatalities, particularly the death of four-year-old Egyptian girl Amira Hassan. She died in 1996 due to anesthesia-related complications while undergoing FGM. Instead of pressing charges against the doctor, Ezzat Shehat , Hassans parents simply dismissed her death as a will of God (HURINet n.pag. ). They believed that subjecting their daughter to FGM was their duty as good Muslims (HURINet n. pag. ). Most Egyptians continue to believe in the said relationship between FGM and Islam. A 2005 UNICEF report on the practice revealed that about 97% of women between 15 and 49 years old were subjected to circumcision (Reuters-AlertNet n. pag. ). Despite a 2008 law which renders FGM punishable by three months to two years in prison and a fine of LE 1,000 to LE 5,000, the practice continues to be secretly carried out in Egypt.According to the countrys conservative and religious groups, FGM is necessary to maintain a womans chastity (Samaan n. pag. ). Indeed, cultural and religious beliefs are to a fault major factors piece of ass the issue of FGM in Egypt. The practice has already existed long onwards the advent of Islam. And for a good reason patriarchy was already in existence even before the emergence of religion. For a patriarchal society to survive, female sexuality must be limited and controlled (Turshen 146). FGM is regarded as one of the approximately effective means of controlling a womans sexuality.The clitoris, the labia minora and the labia majora the organs removed in FGM enable a woman to enjoy sexual telling. In a patriarchal society, women are not supposed to experience the pleasures of sex. They are supposed to be sexless beings, faithfully serving their respective families and engaging in sex only for the purpose of procreation. Women who do otherwise are considered promiscuous (Turshen 146). It is therefore believed that circumcised women are less likely to be unchaste and commit adultery. In addition, FGM is viewed as a means of emphasizing femininity.When a woman is circumcised, the parts of her body that are metaphorically seen as male, such as the pubic sensory hair and the clitoris, are removed. During ancient times, it was believed that the clitoris wo uld grow and protrude like the (penis) (Turshen 150). Men, on the other hand, undergo circumcision in order to enhance their sexuality. Male circumcision entails the cutting of the prepuce of the penis. A circumcised penis is believed to be more responsive to sexual arousal than an uncircumcised one thus the ancient belief that circumcision is necessary for virility. Furthermore, a circumcised penis is easier to persist in clean.Circumcision eliminates the formation of smegma, a combination of oil, moisture and dead skin cells which serves as a lubricant during sexual intercourse (Turshen 146). Islam does not directly state that all Muslims must be circumcised regardless of gender. However, much of the existing Islamic literature today emphasizes a special link between Islam and FGM (Turshen 151). The or so well-known hadith (oral traditions that record the Prophet Muhammads speech and actions) about FGM tells of a debate between Muhammad and Um Atiyyah, a woman who used to circu mcise female slaves.Muhammad was said to have asked Um Atiyyah if she continued to practice her profession (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). She said she did, adding that she would not stop doing so unless it is forbidden and you order me to stop doing it (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). He then replied, Yes, it is allowed. Come closer so I can teach you if you cut, do not overdo it (la tanhiki), because it brings more radiance to the face (ashraq) and it is more pleasant (ahza) for the husband (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). Since the first centuries of Islam, however, Muslim scholars have been scrutinizing the authenticity of the hadiths.They believe that majority of the hadiths were contradictory and (contained) affirmations that gave a bad impression of the Islamic religion (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). In lieu of the hadiths, Muslim scholars came up with their own explanations behind the association of FGM with Islam. The first theory was that FGM was a means of savi ng women from the degradation that they experienced in the pre-Islamic era. For the Muslims, the pre-Islamic era was the Age of Ignorance a period of corruption, rakeshed, moral corruption and social chaos (Akhtar 23). Women in the pre-Islamic era had few rights.The practice of burying infant females in the sand was very rampant. Those who managed to live to adulthood, meanwhile, had no other means of survival except through prostitution (Akhtar 23). It has been mentioned earlier that the organs removed in FGM the clitoris, the labia minora and the labia majora enable a woman to enjoy sexual intercourse. By removing these organs, therefore, it was evaluate that women would no longer take pleasure in sexual intercourse and abandon prostitution in the process. The second theory is that some Islamic societies cleverness have acquired the practice of FGM from other cultures or religions.During Muhammads time, the Jews were considered as the elite of Arab society. Consequently, it became inevitable that Islam was influenced by Jewish doctrines and practices such as circumcision (Denniston, Hodges and Milos 148). But this begs the question of how come even Muslim females are circumcised the Jews circumcise only males. The answer is that Islam might have tailored certain Jewish doctrines and practices to suit its own objectives. One of the objectives of Islam was to inebriate the status of women (Akhtar 23). In order to achieve this goal, Islam put its own flavor to the Jewish practice of circumcision.As a result, even Muslim women were required to undergo circumcision. Despite varying explanations regarding the origins and purposes of FGM, one thing is certain it is not without detrimental physical and psychological effects. The most immediate negative effects of FGM are severe pain and hemorrhage, which, in turn, can result in hypovolaemic shock and death. Other direct effects include abscesses, wound contamination and local infections obvious results of performing the procedure in unhygienic surroundings using unsterilized tools (WHO 149).FGM too has substantial long risks. The practice usually obstructs the drainage of urine, vaginal secretions and catamenial blood. This occurrence, in turn, results in chronic pelvic infections, menstrual dysfunction and menstrual pain. Urinary retention, meanwhile, leads to chronic urinary tract infection and renal damage. When menstrual blood is unable to flow out of the body, abdominal pain and swelling ensue (WHO 149). The abdominal distention that circumcised women experience due to the lack of menstrual flow has been misinterpreted as a pregnancy.As a result, some circumcised but unmarried women have been subjected to honor killings killed by their male relatives in order to preserve the honor of their clan. FGM also exposes a woman to the risk of contracting HIV. Unsterilized instruments may transmit HIV-infected blood into an HIV-negative patient (WHO 149). Women who underwent FGM may also experience difficulties in sexual intercourse after the procedure. Penetration may either be painful or impossible due to a narrow introitus. Prolonged postcoital bleeding and anorgasmia may likewise take place.In some cases, surgery was necessary to open up the vagina for penetration (WHO 150). FGM may render a woman infertile. Chronic pelvic infections much lead to the obstruction of the fallopian tubes. The latter is one of the most common causes of ectopic pregnancy, which can lead to the death of both the mother and the baby. Narrowing of the introitus, meanwhile, may lodge a couple to use the anus or the urethra for sexual intercourse. Fluctuating hormones during pregnancy put circumcised women at more risk for genital and urinary tract infections than their uncircumcised counterparts (WHO 150).The most common psychological disorders among circumcised women are depression and anxiety they have to conform to parental and societal expectations while dealing with pain, co mplicated recovery and other long-term health effects. Painful sexual intercourse may result in them having immensely traumatic memories of their wedding night. Circumcised women also have to live each day in fear they constantly view each cyst that grows in them as a possible symptom of cancer or other adept ailment (WHO 152). When the physical pain becomes too much for them to endure, they might resort to suicide.Female genital mutilation is one of the worst forms of violence that can be inflicted on a woman. In an effort to tie her to the home, she is horribly mutilated and made to live in constant pain for the rest of her life. A circumcised woman is also made to live in fear. She is constantly warned by society that to avoid circumcision is to face ostracism and even condemnation. Much still has to be done before FGM will finally be abolished. But the first step remains to be education. Societies must be made aware of the importance of educating girls.Numerous studies have al ready proven that girls who have attained basic education are healthier and are less likely to die in childbirth than those who did not. When the members of a particular society both male and female are healthy, this society becomes productive. Works Cited Akhtar, Shabbir. The Quran and the Secular Mind A Philosophy of Islam. New York Routledge, 2007. Bullough, Vern L. , and average Bullough. Human Sexuality An Encyclopedia. New York Taylor and Francis, 1994. Chavkin, Wendy, and Ellen Chesler. Where Human Rights Begin health, Sexuality and Women in the New Millennium.Chapel Hill Rutgers University Press, 2005. Denniston, George C. , Frederick Mansfield Hodges and Marilyn Fayre Milos. Male and Female Circumcision Medical, Legal and Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Practice. New York Springer, 1999. Egyptians Stand by Female Circumcision. 10 December 1996. The Human Rights Information Network (HURINet). 27 February 2009 http//www. hartford-hwp. com/archives/32/018. html. Egypt Mufti Says Female Circumcision Forbidden. 24 June 2007. Reuters-AlertNet. 27 February 2009 http//www. alertnet. org/thenews/newsdesk/L24694871. htm.Markle, William H. , Melanie A. Fisher and Raymond A. Smego. Understanding Global Health. New York McGraw-Hill Professional, 2007. Momoh, Comfort. Female Genital Mutilation. Abingdon Radcliffe Publishing, 2005. Nzwili, Fredrick. In Africa, FGM Checks into Hospitals. 5 December 2004. Womens ENews. 27 February 2009 http//www. womensenews. org/article. cfm/dyn/aid/2097/. Promoting Gender comparability Frequently Asked Questions on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting. n. d. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). 27 February 2009 http//www. unfpa. org/gender/practices2. htm. Samaan, Magdy.Shoura Council Passes Child Law, Criminalizes FGM. 12 May 2008. Daily News Egypt. 27 February 2009 http//www. dailystaregypt. com/article. aspx? ArticleID=13659. Turshen, Meredeth. African Womens Health. Trenton Africa Word Press, 2000. World Health Org anization (WHO). 1999. Female Genital Mutilation Programmes to Date What Works and What Doesnt. Geneva, Switzerland Department of Womens Health Health Systems and Community Health. World Health Organization (WHO). Mental Health Aspects of Womens Reproductive Health A Global Review of the Literature. Geneva World Health Organization, 2008.

Understanding the Novel Housekeeping Essay Example for Free

Understanding the Novel Housekeeping EssayThe clean authorize Housekeeping is scripted by sensation of the most famed and talented author, Marilynne Robinson. As one of the certified Pulitzer Prize-winning authors, Marilynne Robinsons 1980 novel c whollyed the Housekeeping has been nominated for the category of Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, which later-on she too won for another novel entitled Gilead that paved the instruction for her Heming dash Foundation/PEN Award for best first novel.As of the present time, this novel continues to receive and gain broad recognitions and honors that commemorate the get going and contribution of a great American author in the industry of publishing and American literary writing scene. In the year 2003, the Guardian unlimited, a British online site owned by Guardian Media Group, named the novel Housekeeping as one of their top 100 list of selection of greatest novels of all time. In addition to this, the Time Magazine, one of the giants in the publishing business, included the said novel of Marilynne Robinson Housekeeping in their TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005.This cellular inclusion and recognition shows the sterling quality of the novel and its elements. In a sense, there are various reasons and apparent explanations as to how and why this novel of Marilynne Robinson continues to attract the concern of the readers and still remain as one of the ever significant stories that has been written. One of the better rationales is that Housekeeping, just like any other widely admired novels, is written with a very strong plot that is designed to directly present and depict a significant personality and character through the representation of Ruth, one of the leading characters in the novel.In this regard, this essay would directly draw a clear picture and discussion about the character of Ruth and her identity in the main narrative of the novel. In the novel, Ruth is mainly depicted and stood as a character which has a stong personality that is composed and firm despite the proscribe events that have happened in their family and between her and Lucille, who is her babe. Ruth is presented in the main narrative of the novel as a brave woman who is filled with hopes and beliefs with their family and their eccentric way of spirit.Set to live and grow-up with a dysfunctional family, where she and her sister, Lucille, are abandoned by their biological parents with their mother committing a suicide, it is observable that the presentation of Ruth in the novel is a paradigm that the author has used to illustrate specific propertys of an individual who is brave enough to live and move on with what he or she believes is right. As for the own perception of Ruth, it is observable that staying and living under the eccentric way of life by their family is what makes her complete as a person and as a normal individual on this world.In respect to the representation of Ruth, it is appar ent that the main narrative of the novel further strengthens the notion that Ruth, though has been through diametrical pictures and stories of pain and difficulties with her experiences of a dysfunctional family, still has that belief about the primary stance and role of family to her life as a living entity in their community. As seen apparent to the novels story, Ruths standpoint is that her family is the primal basis that gives her that distinct identity as a normal entity in this world.Ruth believes that living and adhering to their improper family lifestyle, more especially according to the life of her Auntie, Sylvie, renders her the particular details as a living member of their society. Thus, unlike her sister, Lucile, Ruth takes pride in living her life according to the legacy of their family despite of all the difficulties and many questions that she has in mind. Despite of the many differences and misunderstandings that she has against her younger sibling, Lucille, she h as remained to be a loving and caring elderly sister for Lucille.As seen apparent in the narrative of the novel, Ruths character is an example of a typical protective and concerned elder sister for Lucille where she has stood before her sister for security. Ruth also expressed her love for her younger sister through their shared collection of quality and happy moments spent unneurotic prior to the decision of Lucille to go the opposite way and live a conventional life with another family residing in town. In addition to this, Ruths character is also affectionate and emotional as she grieved with so much pain with the departure of her sister to live a different way of life.Moreover, it can also be said that Ruth, despite the characteristic of being brave and composed in pursuing and sticking with the what she believe is right, is a character filled with different confusions and questions which she tries to rally specific adjudicates and enlightenment for. As the main narrator of the novel, who tells mostly the story of her experiences from childhood up to womanhood, Ruth herself has numerous thoughts and issues that she can not even answer by her self.There are things and actions that she is seeing, more especially from the eccentric lifestyle of her Auntie Sylvie and her grandmother from the moment they are forsaken by their own parents. Thus, Ruths main personality and character is shaped by many of her own undertakings and events in her life that leads her to be coherent in such a way that she is independent to make any decisions that is based from her own way of thinking.As compared to her sister, Lucille, Ruth is more composed and firm as she refused to embrace the extensive settle of the outside forces such as the predominance of modern civilization and beliefs of many individuals that surrounds them. Ruth is a character in the novel which has played a sooner distinct important role. She served as the narrator of the story and her viewpoint says the distinct taste of the novel and it is on her personality from which the story depends on.She has a little sister whom she grew up with and as she became nonetheless taller than the rest, there is the need for her sister Lucille to remove the heels of the shoes in order for her to be able to move more by nature and allow her to stand more normally. In this respect, it is seen that Marilynne Robinson, the author of the novel, has the similar characteristic where she remains taller than the rest but tries to remove the heels that sets her apart from the rest.More so, she tries to remove the untrue pretentions and high antepasts which come from the current notions of fiction from the people. Another characteristic of Ruth in the story is her ability to follow and adopt a particular characteristic that is embodied in the values of her mother. According to one statement of Ruth in the novel, the requests of her mother to wait for her has established in me the habit of waiting and expec tation which make any present moment most significant for what it does not contain (Robinson, 214).This particular characteristic of Ruth, as a character in the novel, has shown her to be a child patiently and dreamingly wishes of a parent who has abandoned her. As her mother left them in the care of one another, they have continuously and expectedly seek to contain all the hardships and patiently waited for something which they are unsure would come to them anymore. Works Cited Robinson, Marilynne. Housekeeping A Novel. New York St Martins Pr, 2004.

Home Depot Analysis Essay Example for Free

main office depot Analysis EssayStrategic audit1. Current SituationA. Current PerformanceThe Home Depot Inc. performed quite surface in the past few years from 2000- 2005. Firstly, It opened more than 900 stores until 2005 and their sales doubled during that period as well. Secondly, The Earnings per sh atomic number 18 growth at least(prenominal) 20% in each of the year from 2000 till 2005. Thirdly, it accounts 10% market share of the US home appliances market by the end of 2005. This growth is large because The Home Depot was just an inconspicuous company five years before. To sum up, its financial success ensures the company to create values to the shareholders.B. Strategic rigMission The Home Depot is a home improvement retailer. It can be categorized as a retailer that devilries products and services at the kindred time because the goal of The Home Depot is to provide the highest level of service. The Home Depot is not just selling home improvement products but also installing the products, thus it combines the warehouse-format stores with a high level of customer service. Objectives The slogan of the company is Improve Everything We Touch. Strategies The Companys overall strategy is enhancing the core, extending the business and expanding the market. The 3E are consistent with each other.Policies2. Corporate GovernanceA. Board of DirectorsThere are 11 people in the board of directors and 9 of them were external member, which called no-management directors. The directors are in full of experience in different aspects they are closely working together to ensure the company is in the right track. Robert Nardelli Chief Executive Officer of Home Depot. He is an inside director. Milledge Hart non-independent outside director. He is an external member. Kennth Langone Lead Director of the Board.Non-Management DirectorsGregory D.Brennman chief executive officer and chairman of Burger King. Owned 33,519 of Home Depot stock. John L.Clendenin CEO and c hairman of Bellsouth Corporation. Owned 38,832 shares of Home Depot stock and chaired the boads Audit Committee. Claudio X.Gonzalez Chairman and CEO of Kimberly-Clark de Mexico.Owned 64,457 of Home Depot stock. Milledge A,Hart Chairman of DocuCorp International. Owned 3,568,411 of Home Depot stock. Bonnie G.Hill Owned 22,370 of Home Depot stock, etc.4. Internal EnvironmentC. Corporate ResourcesResearch and Design

Capital Structure Effect on Performance in Renewable Energy

not bad(p) organise Effect on carrying into action in renewable EnergySarah Sophia HamdiCapital Structure Effects on household Performance in the renewable Energy Sector Evidence from Germany1. Explanation of your dissertation topic (about 800 words)Overall motivation and objectivesThe Kyoto Protocol induced a growing number of countries to establish targets for renewable capacity supplies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as to increase energy security. These targets atomic number 18 either explicit in terms of installed capacity or as a percentage of energy consumption. These targets have served as important catalysts for increasing the sh be of renewable energy without the world.As a result of the growing share of energy generated from renewable sources such as wind, water and biomass Germanys energy supply is turn greener from socio-economic class to year. As shown in graph 1 in 2014 renewables already accounted for 25.8 per cent of the gross power production in Germany. On 1 April 2000 the Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) went into force and lead to a massive increase of the renewable energy production in the electricity sector, from under 40 to oer 140 billion of kilowatt per hours (see graph 2).Graph 1 Gross power production in Germany in 2014Source AG Energiebilanzen, as of declination 2014Graph 2 Gross electricity generation in billions of kilowatt-hoursSource BMWi based on Working Group on Renewable Energies Statistics (AGEE-Stat, August 2014 foregoing figures)The German government wants to further flip ones lid this share by the year 2025, the aim is to produce 40 to 45 per cent of electricity from renewable sources and 55 to 60 per cent by the year 2035. These numbers indicate that renewable energy companies increasingly need to compete efficiently against existing companies generating energy through other power sources such as oil, nuclear and hard coal energy etc.As investments in renewable energy plants grow, so do the r isks inherent in owning, building and operating such plants. Excluding debt, business risk is the basic risk of firms operations and one of the factors that influence a companys crown- organise decision making. The level of business risk is shaped not only by the companies decisions but by whats happening to the industry and the economy. The renewable energy industry is effected by numerous sector specific risks such as building and testing risk, business, environmental, financial, marketplace, operational, political/regulatory and weather related volume risk. In such a risky industry, what otherwise would be an appropriate and safe amount of debt becomes more dangerous and unstable, so that normally equity financing is safer than through debt. However firms that are in the growth stage of their cycle typically finance that process through debt and borrow money to enable their growth. The conflict that arises with this method is that the revenues of growth firms are typically unst able and unproven. Meaning that a high debt load is usually not appropriate due to the danger of financial embarrassments. Hence as companies expand their investments in renewable energy projects, funding is a particular challenge and questions about firms dandy structure decisions are not easily answered.Theoretical reasonOver the last few decades much look for has been done on whether a relationship between with child(p) structure and a firms financial work exists. At this point I would like to include a detailed literature review.Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller formed with their theorem the foundation for modern thinking on jacket structure. They developed the Capital Structure Irrelevance Proposition where they hypothesized that in perfect markets the capital structure of a firm does not influence its performance. Nevertheless the theorem is by and large viewed as a highly theoretical hypothesis, since it disregards important factors such as transaction costs and unce rtainty, it was often used as the basis for further research in the last decades. The pecking-order theory, the agency theory and the trade-off theory are the three main theories discussing the optimal capital structure of a firm. All of them wed different approaches which I will summarise and contrast with each other.The different theories and findings raise key questions such as whether it is possible to identify an optimal capital structure for firms operating in the important and future-oriented industry of renewable energies.Research epitome and methodologyFollowing to the introduction of the key theories and the literature review on this topic I would like to carry out my own quantitative study and run a regression analysis with financial information of 20 companies operating in the renewable energy sector, including wind, solar, bio and water energy in Germany. Due to the fact that non-listed firms are not required to disclose their financial accounts my data will be gaine d from listed companies that are obligated to share the relevant information. I would like to examine whether there exists a relationship between the implemented capital structure and the firms performance measured in return on equity and share price.Equations (1)(2)Where return on equity for firm i in year t. price of a share for firm i at year t. financial leverage for firm i at year t . plain assets for firm i at year t. size of the firm i at year t. growth of the firm i at year t. material assets, size and growth serve as control variables whereas financial leverage of the firm is considered as the main variable to express the capital structure.My aim is to be able to match one of the three theories and to identify an optimal capital structure for renewable energy firms. In order to interpret the findings of the quantitative analysis I would also like to include a complementary qualitative research analysis for example through directors statements on their financing decisi ons.2. List of References (no stripped number required, but as acceptable by your supervisor)Agnihotri, A. (2014) Impact of Strategy Capital Structure on Firms overall Financial Performance, Strategic Change, Vol. 23, nary(prenominal) 1-2, pp. 15-20.Ben Ayed, W. H., and Zouari, S. G. (2014) Capital Structure and Financing of SMEs The Tunisian Case. International ledger of Economics and Finance, Vol. 6, No. 5, pp. 96-111.Bouraoui, T., and Li, T. (2014) The Impact of Adjustment in Capital Structure in Mergers Acquisitions on us Acquirers agate line Performance. The Journal of Applied Business Research, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 27-41.Economist parole Unit (2011) Managing the risk in renewable energy. A report from the Economist Intelligence Unit Sponsored by Swiss Re. file///C/Users/Sarah/Downloads/Managing-The-Risk-In-Renewable-Energy.pdfGill, A. and Biger, N. and Mathur, N. (2011) The Effect of Capital Structure on Profitability Evidence from the United States. International Journa l of Management, Vol. 28, No.4, pp. 3-.Green, J. (2010) Renewable energy projects Risk and insurance elements. Technical feature Construction Engineering, www.meinsurancereview.com, pp. 41-42.Hatfield, G. B. and Louis, T. W. and Davidson, W. N. (1994) The determination of optimal capital structure The effect of firm and industry debt ratios on market value. Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 1-14.Holz, C. A. (2002) The Impact of the Liability-Asset Ratio on Profitability in Chinas Industrial State-Owned Enterprises. China Economic Review, Vol. 13, pp. 1-26.Majumdar, S. K. and Chhibber, P. (1999) Capital Structure and Performance Evidence from a Transition Economy on an Aspect of Corporate Governance. Public Choice, Vol. 98, pp. 287-305.Margaritis, D., and Psillaki, M. (2007) Capital structure and firm efficiency, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, Vol. 34, No. 9, pp. 1447-1469.Modigliani, F. and Miller, M. (1958) The Cost of Capital, Corporat ion Finance and The Theory of Investment, The American Economic Review, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 261-97.Modigliani, F. and Miller, M. (1963) Corporate Income Taxes and the Cost of Capital a Correction. The American Economic Review, Vol. 53, pp. 443-53.Myers, S. (1984) Capital structure puzzle, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 39, Issue 3, pp. 574592.Omondi, M. M., and Muturi, W. (2013) Factors Affecting the Financial Performance of Listed Companies at the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, Vol. 4, No. 15, pp. 99-105.Onaolapo, A. and Kajola,O. (2010) Capital Structure and Firm Performance Evidence from Nigeria. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, Vol. 25, pp. 70-82.Pathirawasam, C. (2013) Internal Factors which Determine Financial Performance of firms With Special Reference to Ownership Concentration. pp. 62-72.Rajan, R. G., and Zingales, L. (1995) What Do We Know about Capital Structure? Some Evidence from Interna tional Data. The Journal of Finance, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 14211460.Shyam-Sunder, L. and Myers, C. (1999) Testing static trade off against pecking order models of capital structure. Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 219244.Soumadi, M. and Hayajneh, O. (2012) Capital structure and corporate performance, Empirical study on the public Jordanian shareholding firms listed in the Amman stock market. European Scientific Journal, Vol. 8, No. 22, pp. 173-189.Stiglitz, J. E. (1969) A Re-Examination of the Modigliani-Miller Theorem. American Economic Review, Vol. 59, No. 5, pp. 784-794.Tailab, M. M. K. (2014) The Effect of Capital Structure on Profitability of Energy American Firms. Journal of Business and Management Invention, Vol. 3, No. 12, pp. 54-61.Titman, S. (1988) The Determinants of Capital Structure Choice. The Journal of Finance, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 1-19.Umer, U. M. (2014) Determinants of Capital Structure Empirical Evidence from Large Taxpayer Share Companies in Ethi opia. International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 53-65.Wippern, R. (1966) Financial Structure and the Value of the Firm. The Journal of Finance, Vol. 21 No. 4, pp. 615-633.LinksBundesministerium fr Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) http//www.bmwi.de/EN/Topics/Energy/Renewable-Energy/renewable-energy-at-a-glance.html